Multiple Ascending Dose Study of MK-5160 in Participants With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MK-5160-002)

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions: Biological: MK-5160 16 nmol/kg
Biological: Glargine 0.4 U/kg
Biological: MK-5160 32 nmol/kg
Biological: MK-5160 64 nmol/kg
Biological: Placebo to Glargine
Biological: Placebo to MK-5160
Drug: Dextrose
Biological: Glargine 0.6 U/kg

Registration Number: NCT03095651

Lead Sponsor: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC

Brief Summary: This is a randomized, active- and placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of MK-5160 in participants with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is a two-part trial, with three panels per part. T1DM (Part 1) and T2DM (Part 2) participants will be given daily fixed doses of MK-5160 in three predefined, increasing doses in each panel, or glargine (active comparator). The primary hypothesis of the trial is that at a dose with sufficient safety, the mean steady-state maximum level of glucose infusion rate (GIRmax) after MK-5160 administration in both T1DM and T2DM participants is between 1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg/min.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 33

Inclusion Criteria

For Part 1 (T1DM):
Be male, or female of non-childbearing potential. A female of non-childbearing potential defined as a female who is postmenopausal without menses for at least 1 year and has a follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) value in the postmenopausal range upon pretrial (screening) evaluation OR a female who is status post hysterectomy, oophorectomy or tubal ligation.
Be judged to be in good health
Have a diagnosis of T1DM as defined by standard diagnostic criteria for ≥12 months at time study participation
Be on stable doses of basal insulin over the 2-week period prior to screening and over the 2 weeks prior to dosing.
Have a total daily insulin requirement (basal plus prandial) of ≤ 1.2 units/kg.
Have a hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) ≤10% at the time of study participation.
Have a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥18.5 kg/m^2 and ≤ 32 kg/m^2. BMI = mass (kg)/height (m)^2
Be a non-smoker or smoker who uses no more than 5 cigarettes or equivalent (e.g., e-cigarettes) per day over the prior 3 month period also may be enrolled (at the discretion of the investigator). The subject must agree to follow the smoking restrictions defined by the clinical research unit (CRU).
For Part 2 (T2DM):
Be male, or female of non-childbearing potential. A female of non-childbearing potential defined as a female who is postmenopausal without menses for at least 1 year and has a FSH value in the postmenopausal range upon pretrial (screening) evaluation OR a female who is status post hysterectomy, oophorectomy or tubal ligation.
Be judged to be in good health
Have a diagnosis of T2DM as defined by standard diagnostic criteria for ≥12 month at time of study participation.
T2DM participants are not required to have been on insulin. If on insulin, participants should have a total daily insulin requirement of ≤ 1.2 units/kg, and have been on stable doses of basal insulin over the 2-week period prior to screening and over the 2 weeks prior to dosing.
Meet one of the following criteria:
1. Be on no anti-hyperglycemic agent (AHA), or on metformin monotherapy or metformin plus a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor at stable doses for at least 8 weeks prior to screening, with a screening HbA1C ≥7.0 and ≤10.0%.
2. Be on either a sulfonylurea (e.g. glyburide) or an alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (e.g., acarbose) alone or in combination with metformin at stable doses for at least 8 weeks prior to screening with a screening HbA1C ≥7.0 and ≤9.0%. Participants on these medications must be willing to stop the sulfonylurea or alpha-glucosidase inhibitor after screening once they qualify for study participation.
Have a BMI ≥18.5 kg/m^2 and ≤ 35.0 kg/m^2 BMI = mass (kg)/height (m)^2
May be on selected standard medications for T2DM, including alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (e.g., acarbose), sulfonylureas (e.g. glyburide), DPP-4 inhibitors, and metformin. Participants on alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and/or sulfonylureas must stop these medications for at least one week prior to checking into the site and for the duration of the trial through the last dose of MK-5160/glargine. Participants on metformin or DPP-4 inhibitors may continue on their home dose for the duration of the trial. Participants on SGLT2 inhibitors (gliflozins), thiazolidinediones or GLP-1 agonists are excluded.
Be a nonsmoker or smoker who uses no greater than 5 cigarettes or equivalent (e.g., e-cigarettes) daily over the prior 3 month period. Participants must agree to follow the smoking restrictions defined by the CRU.

Exclusion Criteria

For Part 1 (T1DM) and Part 2 (T2DM):
Is under the age of legal consent
Is mentally or legally incapacitated, has significant emotional problems at the time of pretrial (screening) visit or expected during the conduct of the trial or has a history of clinically significant psychiatric disorder of the last 5 years. Participants who have had situational depression may be enrolled in the trial at the discretion of the investigator.
Has a history of clinically significant endocrine (excluding diabetes mellitus), gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hematological, hepatic, immunological, renal, respiratory, genitourinary or major neurological (including stroke and chronic seizures) abnormalities or diseases. Participants with a history of uncomplicated kidney stones, as defined as spontaneous passage and no recurrence in the last 5 years, or childhood asthma may be enrolled in the trial at the discretion of the investigator.
Has a history of cancer (malignancy) Exceptions: (1) Participants with adequately treated non-melanomatous skin carcinoma or carcinoma in situ of the cervix may participate in the trial; (2) Participants with other malignancies which have been successfully treated ≥10 years prior to the pretrial visit
Has a history of significant multiple and/or severe allergies (e.g. food, drug, latex allergy), or has had an anaphylactic reaction or significant intolerability (i.e. systemic allergic reaction) to prescription or non-prescription drugs or food.
Is positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibodies or HIV at Screening.
Had major surgery, donated or lost 1 unit of blood (approximately 500 mL) within 4 weeks prior to the pretrial visit.
Has participated in another investigational trial within 4 weeks (or 5 half-lives), whichever is greater, prior to the pretrial visit.
Is unable to refrain from or anticipates the use of any medication, including prescription and non-prescription drugs or herbal remedies beginning approximately 2 weeks (or 5 half-lives) prior to administration of the initial dose of trial drug, throughout the trial (including washout intervals between treatment periods), until the post-trial visit. Certain medications, such as antihypertensives and aspirin, are permitted.
Consumes greater than 3 glasses of alcoholic beverages (1 glass is approximately equivalent to: beer [354 mL/12 ounces], wine [118 mL/4 ounces], or distilled spirits [29.5 mL/1 ounce]) per day.
Consumes excessive amounts, defined as greater than 6 servings (1 serving is approximately equivalent to 120 mg of caffeine) of coffee, tea, cola, energy-drinks, or other caffeinated beverages per day.
Is a regular user of cannabis or any illicit drugs, or has a history of drug (including alcohol) abuse within approximately 6 months.
Has the diagnosis of hypoglycemia unawareness, or has had one or more severe hypoglycemic episodes associated with hypoglycemic seizures, comas or unconsciousness within 6 months prior to dosing.
Has used systemic (intravenous, oral, inhaled) glucocorticoids within 3 months of screening or is anticipated to require treatment with systemic glucocorticoids during study participation.
Has other major medical problems requiring medication (i.e., history of myocardial infarction, hypercholesterolemia). Participants on aspirin as prophylaxis may be enrolled, provided there is no history of MI or other thromboembolic event, or a history of coronary atherosclerosis.
Has a known history of celiac disease or significant food allergy, at the discretion of the Investigator and Sponsor.
Has a history of hypersensitivity to pharmacologic insulins or to any of the inactive ingredients in regular human insulin, or to any E.coli-derived drug product.
For Part 1 (T1DM) Only:
Has a history of diabetic ketoacidosis in the last 12 months.
For Part 2 (T2DM) Only
Has been treated with a sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor (gliflozins), thiazolidinedione or Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist within the past three months.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
T1DM MK-5160 16 nmol/kg	MK-5160 16 nmol/kg	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160, 16 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM Glargine 0.4 U/kg	Glargine 0.4 U/kg	Participants with T1DM received Glargine 0.4 U/kg and placebo to MK-5160 daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM MK-5160 64 nmol/kg	Dextrose	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160 64 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM MK-5160 32 nmol/kg	MK-5160 32 nmol/kg	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160, 32 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM MK-5160 16 nmol/kg	Placebo to Glargine	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160, 16 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM MK-5160 32 nmol/kg	Placebo to Glargine	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160, 32 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 32 nmol/kg	MK-5160 32 nmol/kg	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 32 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 64 nmol/kg	Placebo to Glargine	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 64 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM MK-5160 64 nmol/kg	MK-5160 64 nmol/kg	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160 64 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM Glargine 0.4 U/kg	Placebo to MK-5160	Participants with T1DM received Glargine 0.4 U/kg and placebo to MK-5160 daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM Glargine 0.6 U/kg	Placebo to MK-5160	Participants with T2DM received Glargine 0.6 U/kg and placebo to MK-5160 daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM Glargine 0.6 U/kg	Glargine 0.6 U/kg	Participants with T2DM received Glargine 0.6 U/kg and placebo to MK-5160 daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM MK-5160 64 nmol/kg	Placebo to Glargine	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160 64 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 16 nmol/kg	MK-5160 16 nmol/kg	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 16 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 32 nmol/kg	Placebo to Glargine	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 32 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 64 nmol/kg	MK-5160 64 nmol/kg	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 64 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 16 nmol/kg	Placebo to Glargine	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 16 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM MK-5160 16 nmol/kg	Dextrose	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160, 16 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM MK-5160 32 nmol/kg	Dextrose	Participants with T1DM received MK-5160, 32 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T1DM Glargine 0.4 U/kg	Dextrose	Participants with T1DM received Glargine 0.4 U/kg and placebo to MK-5160 daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 16 nmol/kg	Dextrose	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 16 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 32 nmol/kg	Dextrose	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 32 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM MK-5160 64 nmol/kg	Dextrose	Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 64 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
T2DM Glargine 0.6 U/kg	Dextrose	Participants with T2DM received Glargine 0.6 U/kg and placebo to MK-5160 daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Participants Experiencing an Adverse Event (AE)	Up to 33 days	An adverse event is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment.
Maximal Glucose Infusion Rate	Up to 24 hours post-dose on Day 12	Maximal glucose infusion rate required to maintain target glucose levels in a euglycemic clamp setting (GIRmax) at steady state (Day 12) following administration of study drug. In cases where the lower bound of the CI was negative, the lower confidence limit was truncated at zero. In these cases, the confidence intervals are 97.5% CIs.
Number of Participants Discontinuing Study Drug Due to an AE	Up to 12 days	An adverse event is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Day 12 to Day 1 Accumulation Ratio of AUC0-24.	Day 1 clamp: -15 min. (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI. Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI.	Day 12 to Day 1 Accumulation Ratio (AR) of the AUC0-24 of study drug (MK-5160 or glargine). Geometric mean accumulation ratio = Day 12 AUC0-24/Day 1 AUC0-24
Time to Maximum Plasma Concentration	Day 1 clamp: -15 min. (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI. Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 hours FSOI.	Time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) of study drug after the dose is given.
Apparent Terminal Half-life	Day 1 clamp: -15 min. (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI. Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 hours FSOI.	Apparent Terminal Half-life (t1/2) is the time required for a given MK-5160 concentration in the plasma to decrease by 50%.
Steady State Plasma Concentration (Css) of MK-5160	Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 hours FSOI.	Css of MK-5160 is the amount of MK-5160 in a given volume of plasma at the time a "steady state" has been achieved, and rates of MK-5160 administration and MK-5160 elimination are equal. Glargine data are presented in the following outcome measure.
Day 12 to Day 1 Accumulation Ratio of Cmax	Day 1 clamp: -15 min. (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI. Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 hours FSOI.	Day 12 to Day 1 accumulation ratio (AR) of Cmax of MK-5160 and glargine following multiple dose administration of study drug. Geometric mean accumulation ratio = Day 12 Cmax/Day 1 Cmax.
Steady State Plasma Concentration (Css) of Glargine	Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 hours FSOI.	Css of glargine is the amount of glargine in a given volume of plasma at the time a "steady state" has been achieved, and rates of glargine administration and glargine elimination are equal. MK-5160 data are presented in the preceding outcome measure.
Plasma Concentration/Time (AUC0-24) of Glargine	Day 1 clamp: -15 min. (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI. Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI.	AUC0-24 is a measure of the total amount of glargine in the plasma from the dose administration to 24 hours. MK-5160 data are presented in the preceding outcome measure.
Plasma Clearance	Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 hours FSOI.	Plasma Clearance (CL) of study drug is the volume of plasma cleared of study drug per unit time.
Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of MK-5160	Day 1 clamp: -15 min. (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours following start of injection (FSOI). Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 hours FSOI.	Cmax of MK-5160 following multiple dose administration of study drug. Glargine data are presented in the following outcome measure.
Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Glargine	Day 1 clamp: -15 min. (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI. Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 hours FSOI.	Cmax of glargine following multiple dose administration of study drug. MK-5160 data are presented in the preceding outcome measure.
Plasma Concentration/Time (AUC0-24) of MK-5160	Day 1 clamp: -15 min. (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI. Day 12: -15 min (predose), 10, 30 min., 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours FSOI.	Area Under the Plasma Concentration/Time Curve for MK-5160 from Time 0 to 24 hours (AUC0-24) is a measure of the total amount of MK-5160 in the plasma from the dose administration to 24 hours. Glargine data are presented in the following outcome measure.