Quetiapine SR and Divalproex Sodium ER in the Treatment of Anxiety in Bipolar Disorder With Panic Disorder and/or GAD

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Bipolar Disorder
Panic Disorder
Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Interventions: Drug: divalproex sodium ER
Drug: placebo
Drug: quetiapine SR

Registration Number: NCT00579280

Lead Sponsor: University of South Florida

Brief Summary: The specific aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of quetiapine SR monotherapy and divalproex sodium ER monotherapy in comparison to placebo in the treatment of ambulatory bipolar disorder with co-morbid lifetime panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder and current at least moderately severe anxiety.

Detailed Description: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel-group, 8-week trial of quetiapine SR monotherapy compared to divalproex sodium ER monotherapy in outpatient subjects with a lifetime bipolar I, II, or not otherwsise specified (NOS) disorder, a lifetime panic or generalized anxiety disorder, and current diagnosis at least moderately severe anxiety symptoms. Approximately 180 subjects will be randomized to obtain 90 subjects who complete the 8-week trial (30 completers per treatment group). This calculation is based on drop out rates in a similar patient population carried out by this group of collaborators. Subjects will be randomized to quetiapine SR or divalproex sodium ER or placebo in a 1:1:1 ratio. No concomitant psychotropic medication will be allowed throughout the study except for prn lorazepam during the first two weeks for the management of affective and anxiety symptoms, prn zolpidem and zaleplon for the management of insomnia and benztropine for the management of extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). Throughout the study, psychiatric scales will be used to assess psychiatric symptoms and the presence of treatment-emergent adverse events will be monitored and recorded.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 224

Inclusion Criteria

Subjects must be at least 18 years of age and not older than 65
Subjects must have lifetime bipolar I, II, or not otherwise specified (NOS) disorder as defined by DSM-IV TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision) criteria
Subjects must have lifetime panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as defined by DSM-IV, criteria (except clause "does not occur exclusively during a mood disorder" of Criterion F for GAD)
Subjects' bipolar symptoms must be no more than moderate in severity, defined as a CGI-BP< 4
Subjects' anxiety symptoms must be at least moderate in severity, defined as a CGI-S > 4
Subjects must not be receiving regular mood stabilizing, antidepressant, antipsychotic, or anxiolytic medication for at least one week prior to baseline. Patients receiving fluoxetine or depot antipsychotics should be off these medications for at least four weeks prior to baseline
Subjects or their legally authorized representative must sign the Informed Consent Document after the nature of the trial has been fully explained
If female, subjects must be: postmenopausal, surgically incapable of childbearing, or practicing medically acceptable effective method(s) of contraception (e.g., hormonal methods, barrier methods, intrauterine device) for at least one month prior to study entry and throughout the study

Exclusion Criteria

Subjects who do not have lifetime bipolar disorder by DSM-IV-TR criteria
Subjects who do not have lifetime panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder by DSM-IV-TR criteria
Subjects who are receiving treatment with an anti-manic or mood stabilizing medication (lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, or an antipsychotic), and in the investigators' judgment, require ongoing treatment with that medication
Subjects whose bipolar symptoms are presently more than moderately severe (CGI-BP>5)
Subjects whose anxiety symptoms are presently less than moderately severe (CGI-S<3)
Subjects with clinically significant suicidal or homicidal ideation.
Subjects with a current DSM-IV TR Axis I diagnosis of delirium, dementia, amnesia, or other cognitive disorders; a DSM-IV TR diagnosis of a substance dependence disorder within the past six months; a lifetime DSM-IV TR psychotic disorder (e.g., schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder)
Subjects with serious general medical illnesses including hepatic, renal, respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, neurological, or hematological disease as determined by the clinical judgment of the clinical investigator. Subjects with hypo-or hyperthyroidism unless stabilized on thyroid replacement > 3 months
Subjects with a clinically significant abnormality in their pre-study physical exam, vital signs, EKG, or laboratory tests
Subjects who are allergic to or who have demonstrated hypersensitivity or intolerance to either of the active study medications
Women who are pregnant or nursing
Subjects who have received an experimental drug or used an experimental device within 30 days
Subjects who have a history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
A patient with diabetes mellitus (DM) fulfilling one of the following criteria:
Unstable DM defined as enrollment glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) >8.5%
Admitted to hospital for treatment of DM or DM related illness within the past 12 weeks
Not under physician care for DM
Physician responsible for patient's DM care has not indicated that the patient's DM is controlled
Physician responsible for patient's DM care has not approved the patient's participation in the study
Has not been on the same dose of oral hypoglycemic drug(s) and/or diet for the 4 weeks before randomization. For thiazolidinediones (glitazones) this period should not be less than 8 weeks before randomization
Taking insulin whose daily dose on one occasion in the past 4 weeks has been more than 10% above or below their mean dose in the preceding 4 weeks Note: If a patient with DM meets one of these criteria, the patient is to be excluded even if the treating physician believes that the patient is stable and can participate in the study

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Divalproex Sodium ER	divalproex sodium ER	Divalproex Sodium ER (Divalproex Sodium Extended Release)
Placebo	placebo	placebo
Quetiapine SR	quetiapine SR	Quetiapine SR (Quetiapine Sustained Release)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change From Baseline in the CGI-21 Anxiety	8 weeks (using LOCF Repeated Measures ANOVA)	The CGI-21 Anxiety is a 21-point clinician-rated global improvement for anxiety symptoms. Response range: -10 to +10. The higher the score the more improvement. At Baseline all patients have a score of "0" (zero), against which any subsequent improvements or deterioration is assessed. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The focus was on the "treatment-by-time" effect showing whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment group. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANOVA. Outcomes showing scores above zero indicate that patients did better, i.e. showed improvement on this scale.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change From Baseline on Patient Global Improvement Scale (PGI-21) for Anxiety Symptoms	8 weeks	The PGI-21 Anxiety is a 21-point patient-rated global improvement for anxiety symptoms. Response range: -10 to +10. The higher the score the more improvement. At Baseline all patients have a score of "0" (zero), against which any subsequent improvements or deterioration is assessed. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The focus was on the "treatment-by-time" effect showing whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment group. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANOVA. Outcomes showing scores above zero indicate that patients did better, i.e. showed improvement on this scale.
Change From Baseline in Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) Scores	8 weeks	Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) measures severity of anxiety symptoms - range of scores is 0-56. A higher score means worse anxiety. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in which baseline and each of the 8 weekly assessments were the within subject factors (labeled "time") and treatment group (labeled "treatment") was the between-subjects factor with 3 levels. The focus was on the "treatment-by-time" effect showing whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment group. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" score indicate that patients did better, i.e. had a reduction in symptoms on this scale.
Change From Baseline in Sheehan Panic Disorder Scale (SPS)	8 weeks	Sheehan Panic Disorder Scale (SPS). Range of scores: 0-140. Higher scores indicate greater severity of symptoms. The relative efficacy of quetiapine SR vs. divalproex ER and placebo was tested using a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in which baseline and each of the 8 weekly assessments for the efficacy variables were the within subject factors ("time") and treatment group ("treatment") was the between-subjects factor with 3 levels. The focus in this analysis was on the "treatment-by-time" effect showing whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment group. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in efficacy measures were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the baseline-to-endpoint LOCF ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" indicate that patients did better, i.e. had a reduction in symptoms on this scale.
Change From Baseline on Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)	8 weeks	Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) measures severity of depressive symptoms. Range of scores: 0-60. A higher score shows greater severity of depressive symptoms. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in which baseline and each of the 8 weekly assessments were the within subject factors ("time") and treatment group ("treatment") was the between-subjects factor with 3 levels. The central focus was on the "treatment-by-time" effect showing whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment group. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in efficacy were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" score indicate that patients did better, i.e had a reduction in symptoms on this scale.
Change From Baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)	8 weeks	Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) measures severity of mania / hypomania symptoms. Range of scores: 0-60. A higher score shows worse mania / hypomania. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in which baseline and each of the 8 weekly assessments were the within subject factors ("time") and treatment group ("treatment") was the between-subjects factor with 3 levels. The focus was on the "treatment-by-time" effect showing whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment group. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" score indicate that patients did better, i.e. had a reduction in symptoms on this scale.
Change From Baseline on Clinician Global Impression Scale for Bipolar Disorder (CGI-BP) (Overall Severity)	8 weeks	Clinician Global Impression Scale for Bipolar Disorder (CGI-BP) measures the severity of bipolar disorder symptoms overall. Range of response: i1. normal, not ill to 7. very severely ill. A higher score represents greater severity. A last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in which baseline and each of the 8 weekly assessments were the within subject factors ("time") and treatment group ("treatment") was the between-subjects factor with 3 levels was used. The focus was on the "treatment-by-time" effect and whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" score indicate that patients did better, i.e. had a reduction in symptoms on this scale.
Change From Baseline on Rapid Ideas Scale (RISc)	8 weeks	Rapid ideas Scale (RISc) measures severity of rapid thoughts. Range of scores is 0-100. A higher score means more severe rapidity of thinking. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in which baseline and each of the 8 weekly assessments were the within subject factors ("time") and treatment group ("treatment") was the between-subjects factor with 3 levels. The focus was on the "treatment-by-time" effect showing whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment group. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" score indicate that patients did better, i.e. had a reduction in symptoms on this scale.
Change From Baseline in Sheehan Irritability Scale (SIS)	8 weeks	Sheehan Irritability Scale (SIS) measures severity of anxiety symptoms. Range of scores: 0-70. A higher score shows worse irritability. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in which baseline and each of the 8 weekly assessments were the within subject factors ("time") and treatment group ("treatment") was the between-subjects factor with 3 levels. The focus was on the "treatment-by-time" effect showing whether the trajectory of response differed over time by treatment group. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" score indicate that patients did better, i.e. had a reduction in symptoms on this scale.
Change From Baseline on Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) - Total	8 weeks	Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) measures severity of functional impairment or disability. There are 4 scores: 1) Work Disability 2) Social Disability 3) Family Life Disability. Each of these domains is scored 0-10, with a higher score representing greater disability or functional impairment. These 3 domain scores are added to give a Total Disability scale score. Range of response for Total Disability: 0 to 30. A higher score shows greater disability/functional impairment. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" score indicate that patients did better, i.e. had a reduction in symptoms on this scale.
Change From Baseline on Sheehan- Suicidality Tracking Scale S-STS (2008 Version With 8 Items)	8 weeks	Sheehan - Suicidality Tracking Scale S-STS (2008 version with 8 items) measures severity of a range of suicidality symptoms. Range of scores: 0-32. A higher score represents more severe suicidality. The relative efficacy of the 3 treatments was tested with a last-observation-carried forward (LOCF) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in which baseline and each of the 8 weekly assessments were the within subject factors ("time") and treatment group ("treatment") was the between-subjects factor with 3 levels. Also, group differences in baseline-to-endpoint changes in the efficacy measure were tested using LOCF ANCOVA followed by pairwise planned comparisons (t-tests). The least square means shown here are from the LOCF baseline-to-endpoint ANCOVA. Outcome results with a "minus" score indicate that patients did better, i.e. had a reduction in symptoms on this scale..

Trial Locations

Locations (3): VA Palo Alto HCS & Stanford School of Medicine
🇺🇸
Palo Alto, California, United States
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
🇺🇸
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
University of South Florida College of Medicine
🇺🇸
Tampa, Florida, United States