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Quantifying Hepatic Mitochondrial Fluxes in Humans

Phase 4
Recruiting
Conditions
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Type 2 Diabetes
Mitochondrial Metabolism Disorders
Interventions
Other: Placebo
Registration Number
NCT05305287
Lead Sponsor
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Brief Summary

In this study the investigators will quantitate hepatic mitochondrial fluxes in T2D patients with NAFL and NASH before and after 16-weeks treatment with the insulin sensitizer pioglitazone

Detailed Description

The study team will examine hepatic mitochondrial TCA flux and pyruvate cycling (oral \[U-13C\]-propionate), hepatic gluconeogenesis (oral 2H2O), and hepatic insulin sensitivity (intravenous \[3,4-13C2\]-glucose with euglycemic insulin clamp) before and after 16 weeks treatment with the FDA approved insulin sensitizer pioglitazone. These studies will be performed in (i) type 2 diabetic subjects with NAFL but without evidence of fibrosis, and (ii) type 2 diabetic patients with NASH. Liver biopsies will be obtained before and after treatment for the diagnosis of NAFL/NASH and for molecular analyses.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
60
Inclusion Criteria
  • Confirmed T2D based on OGTT (2 h glucose ≥200 mg/dl).
  • Treated with diet, metformin, and/or sulfonylurea and in good general health determined by medical history, physical exam, and routine blood chemistries;
  • age = 18-80 years;
  • BMI = 25-40 kg/m2;
  • HbA1c = 7-10%; stable body weight (±4 pounds) over the preceding 3-months;
  • not taking any medication known to affect glucose metabolism other than antidiabetic medications.
  • Evidence of moderate/severe fatty liver (steatosis; grade S2/S3 on FibroScan corresponding to ≥10% fat on MRI-PDFF) and no/minimal hepatic fibrosis (grade F0/F1 on FibroScan).
Exclusion Criteria
  • Alcohol consumption >14 units/week for women and >21 units/week for men.
  • Cirrhosis (fibrosis stage 4).
  • Type 1 diabetes and/or GAD positive subjects.
  • Subjects not drug naive or have been on metformin more than 3 months.
  • Presence of proliferative retinopathy.
  • Urine albumin excretion > 300 mg/day.
  • Evidence of other forms of chronic liver disease, including alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis B and C, primary biliary cholangitis, suspected/proven liver cancer and any other liver disease other than NAFLD.
  • History of NY Class III-IV heart failure

T2D with NASH

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Confirmed T2D based on OGTT (2 h glucose ≥200 mg/dl).
  • Treated with diet, metformin, and/or sulfonylurea and in good general health determined by medical history, physical exam, and routine blood chemistries;
  • age = 18-80 years;
  • BMI = 25-40 kg/m2;
  • HbA1c = 7-10%;
  • stable body weight (±4 pounds) over the preceding 3-months;
  • not taking any medication known to affect glucose metabolism other than antidiabetic medications.
  • Evidence of moderate/severe fatty liver (steatosis; grade S2/S3 on FibroScan corresponding to ≥10% liver fat on MRI-PDFF) and moderate/severe hepatic fibrosis (grade F2/F3 on FibroScan).

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Alcohol consumption >14 units/week for women and >21 units/week for men.
  • Cirrhosis (fibrosis stage 4).
  • Type 1 diabetes and/or GAD positive subjects.
  • Subjects not drug naive or have been on metformin more than 3 months.
  • Presence of proliferative retinopathy.
  • Urine albumin excretion > 300 mg/day.
  • Evidence of other forms of chronic liver disease, including alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis B and C, primary biliary cholangitis, suspected/proven liver cancer and any other liver disease other than NAFLD.
  • History of NY Class III-IV heart failure

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
NASH PlaceboPlaceboT2D with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), treated with placebo
NAFL TZDPioglitazoneT2D with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), treated with pioglitazone
NAFL PlaceboPlaceboT2D with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), treated with placebo
NASH TZDPioglitazoneT2D with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), treated with pioglitazone
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Effect of pioglitazone on hepatic mitochondrial TCA cycle fluxesBaseline, week 16

Quantitated using a combine stable isotope approach before and after treatment with pioglitazone

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Mean change from baseline in body compositionBaseline, Week 16

Mean change from baseline in lean and fat mass measured by DEXA

Quantitate the effect of pioglitazone on liver histology by improvement of fibrosisWeek 16

Percentage of Participants with ≥1 Point Decrease in Fibrosis Stage with No Worsening of NASH on Liver Histology

Quantitate the effect of pioglitazone on NAFLD Activity Score (NAS)Week 16

Percentage of Participants that Achieve a ≥2 Point Decrease in NAS on Liver Histology, with ≥1 Point Reduction in at Least 2 NAS Components

Examine the effect of pioglitazone on non-invasive markers of NAFLDBaseline, Week 16

Mean change from baseline in Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), transient elastography (Fibroscan®), NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)

Mean absolute change from baseline in liver fat content by magnetic resonance Imaging - Proton Density Fat Fraction (MRI-PDFF)Baseline, Week 16

Mean absolute change from baseline in liver fat content by MRI-PDFF

Mean change from baseline in body weightBaseline, Week 16

Mean change from baseline in body weight

Effect of pioglitazone on the hepatic lipidomeBaseline, Week 16

Lipidomics will be carried out using mass-spectrometry methods

Effect of pioglitazone on hepatic gene regulatory networksBaseline, Week 16

Multimodal RNA-Seq and ATAC-Seq will be used to examine gene regulatory networks in liver samples

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Texas Diabetes Institute - University Health System

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

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