Pediatric Safety and Immunogenicity Study of Cell-Culture Derived and Egg-based Subunit Influenza Vaccines in Healthy Children and Adolescents

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Influenza

Interventions: Biological: Cell culture-derived influenza subunit vaccine (cTIV)
Biological: Egg derived influenza subunit vaccine (eTIV)

Registration Number: NCT00645411

Lead Sponsor: Novartis

Brief Summary: The present study is the first study designed to evaluate safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of the cell culture-derived influenza vaccine in healthy children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years. A step-down approach is utilized in which reactogenicity and safety will be assessed in children and adolescents 9 to 17 years of age (Cohort 1) prior to enrolling additional children and adolescents 9 to 17 years of age (Cohort 2) and children 3 to 8 years of age (Cohort 3).

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 3604

Inclusion Criteria

Subjects aged 9 to 17 years (Cohorts 1 and 2) and 3 to 8 years (Cohort 3), whose parents/legal guardians have given written informed consent prior to study entry. Assent will be obtained from subjects according to age requirements of the ECs/IRBs;
In good health as determined by:
1. medical history,
2. physical examination,
3. clinical judgment of the Investigator;
Able to comply with all study procedures and available for all clinic visits and telephone calls scheduled in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

Any serious disease, such as:
1. cancer,
2. autoimmune disease (including rheumatoid arthritis),
3. diabetes mellitus,
4. chronic pulmonary disease,
5. acute or progressive hepatic disease,
6. acute or progressive renal disease;
History of any anaphylaxis or serious reaction following administration of vaccine, or hypersensitivity to eggs, egg protein, chicken feathers, influenza viral protein, neomycin, polymyxin, or any other vaccine component, chemically related substance, or component of the potential packaging materials;
Known or suspected impairment/alteration of immune function, including:
1. use of immunosuppressive therapy such as systemic corticosteroids known to be associated with the suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis or chronic use of inhaled high-potency corticosteroids within 60 days prior to Visit 1,
2. cancer chemotherapy,
3. receipt of immunostimulants within 60 days prior to Visit 1,
4. receipt of parenteral immunoglobulin preparation, blood products, and/or plasma derivatives within 3 months prior to Visit 1 or planned during the full length of the study,
5. known HIV infection or HIV-related disease;
History of Guillain-Barré syndrome;
Bleeding diathesis;
Surgery planned during the study period;
Receipt of another investigational agent within 90 days, or before completion of the safety follow-up period in another study, whichever is longer, prior to enrollment and unwilling to refuse participation in another clinical study through the end of the study;
Receipt of another vaccine within 2 weeks (for inactivated vaccines) or 4 weeks (for live vaccines) prior to Visit 1;
Laboratory-confirmed influenza disease within 6 months prior to Visit 1;
For subjects aged 3 to 8 years old, ever received two doses of an influenza vaccine in one influenza season;
Receipt of an influenza vaccine within 6 months prior to Visit 1;
Experienced a temperature 38.0°C [100.4°F]) and/or any acute illness within 3 days prior to Visit 1;
Pregnant or nursing mother;
Female of childbearing potential who is sexually active and has not used acceptable birth control measures for at least 2 months prior to study entry and who does not plan to use acceptable birth control measures during the 3 weeks following vaccination or refuses to have a urine pregnancy test prior to enrollment. Oral, injected, inserted or implanted hormonal contraceptive, diaphragm or condom with spermicidal agent or intrauterine device are considered acceptable forms of birth control;
Children of research staff or those living with research staff directly involved with the clinical study. Research staff are individuals with direct study subject contact, indirect contact with study subjects, or study site personnel who have access to any study documents containing subject information. This would include receptionists, persons scheduling appointments or making screening calls, regulatory specialists, laboratory technicians, etc.;
Any condition, which in the opinion of the Investigator, might interfere with the evaluation of the study objectives.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Cohort 3 (3-8 Yrs) cTIV	Cell culture-derived influenza subunit vaccine (cTIV)	All subjects received two 0.5 mL injections, administered four weeks apart, of cell culture-derived trivalent influenza vaccine containing 15μg of HA for each strain (A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 \[H1N1\]-like, A/Wisconsin/67/2005 \[H3N2\]-like and B/Malaysia/ 2506/2004-like), recommended for the 2007-2008 influenza season in the Northern Hemisphere
Cohorts 1 + Cohort 2 (9-17 Yrs) cTIV	Cell culture-derived influenza subunit vaccine (cTIV)	All subjects received one 0.5 mL IM injection, of cell culture-derived trivalent influenza vaccine containing 15μg of HA for each strain (A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 \[H1N1\]-like, A/Wisconsin/67/2005 \[H3N2\]-like, and B/Malaysia/ 2506/2004-like), recommended for the 2007-2008 influenza season in the Northern Hemisphere
Cohorts 1 + Cohort 2 (9-17 Yrs) eTIV	Egg derived influenza subunit vaccine (eTIV)	All subjects received one 0.5 mL injection, of egg -derived trivalent influenza vaccine containing 15μg of HA for each strain (A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 \[H1N1\]-like, A/Wisconsin/67/2005 \[H3N2\]-like and B/Malaysia/ 2506/2004-like), recommended for the 2007-2008 influenza season in the Northern Hemisphere.
Cohort 3 (3-8 Yrs) eTIV	Egg derived influenza subunit vaccine (eTIV)	All subjects received two 0.5 mL injections, administered four weeks apart of egg -derived trivalent influenza vaccine containing 15μg of HA for each strain (A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 \[H1N1\]-like, A/Wisconsin/67/2005 \[H3N2\]-like and B/Malaysia/ 2506/2004-like), recommended for the 2007-2008 influenza season in the Northern Hemisphere

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentages of Subjects Who Attained Seroconversion or Significant Increase in Antibody Titers in the Cell Culture-derived Vaccine Compared With the Egg-derived Vaccine in 3 to 8 Year-old Children	Day 50 post vaccination	To demonstrate non-inferiority of the cell culture-derived influenza (cTIV) vaccine to the egg-derived (eTIV) influenza vaccine in the percentage of subjects achieving seroconversion or significant increase in antibody titer post vaccination, for all three strains, after two injections administered four weeks apart in children 3 to 8 years of age. Seroconversion rate was evaluated using two assays- HI egg derived antigen assay and HI cell derived antigen assay.
Geometric Mean Titers of the Cell Culture-derived Vaccine Compared With the Egg-derived Vaccine in 3 to 8 Year-old Children	Day 50 post vaccination	To demonstrate non-inferiority of the post vaccination hemagglutination inhibition (HI) geometric mean titer (GMT) of the cell culture-derived influenza (cTIV) vaccine to the corresponding GMT of the egg-derived (eTIV) influenza vaccine, for all three strains, after two injections administered four weeks apart to a subset of children 3 to 8 years of age. GMTs were evaluated using two assays, HI egg derived antigen assay and HI cell derived antigen assay.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Geometric Mean Titers After 1 Dose of the Cell Culture-derived or the Egg-derived Influenza Vaccine in 9 to 17 Year-old Children and Adolescents	Day 29 post vaccination	To evaluate immunogenicity in terms of Geometric Mean Titers (GMTs) in children 9 to 17 years of age after one injection of either cTIV vaccine or eTIV. GMTs were evaluated using two assays, HI egg derived antigen assay and HI cell derived antigen assay.
Percentages of Subjects Who Achieved HI Titers ≥40 After 1 Dose of the Cell Culture-derived Vaccine or the Egg-derived Influenza Vaccine in 9 to 17 Year-old Children and Adolescents	Day 29 post vaccination	To evaluate immunogenicity in terms of percentage of 9 to 17 year-old children and adolescents achieving HI titers ≥40, after one injection of either the cTIV vaccine or the eTIV vaccine. This criterion is met according to European (CHMP) guideline if the percentage of subjects achieving HI titers ≥40 is \>70% and according to the US (CBER) guideline is met if the lower bound of the two sided 95%CI for percentage of subjects achieving HI titers ≥40 is ≥70%.
Percentages of Subjects Who Attained Seroconversion or Significant Increase After 1 Dose of the Cell Culture-derived Vaccine or the Egg-derived Influenza Vaccine in 9 to 17 Year-old Children and Adolescents	Day 29 post vaccination	Seroconversion or significant increase as per CHMP criteria is defined as percentage of subjects with a pre vaccination HI titer \<10 to a post vaccination titer ≥40 or a pre vaccination HI titer ≥10 and a ≥4-fold increase in post vaccination HI antibody titer. According to the CHMP criteria, the percentage of subjects achieving seroconversion or significant increase should be \>40%. According to the CBER criteria, the lower bound of the two-sided 95% CI for the percentage of subjects achieving seroconversion/significant increase should be ≥40%.
Geometric Mean Titers After Two Doses of the Cell Derived or the Egg Derived Vaccine in 3 to 8 Year-old Children	Day 29 and Day 50 post vaccination	To evaluate immunogenicity in terms of Geometric Mean Titers (GMTs) in children 3 to 8 years of age after two doses of either cTIV vaccine or eTIV,administered 4 weeks apart.
Geometric Mean Ratio After Two Doses of the Cell-derived or the Egg-derived Vaccine in 3 to 8 Year-old Children	Day 29 and Day 50 post vaccination	To evaluate immunogenicity in terms of Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) in children 3 to 8 years of age after two doses of either the cTIV vaccine or the eTIV vaccine, administered 4 weeks apart according to the CHMP criteria. The criterion is met according to the European (CHMP) guideline if the mean geometric increase (GMR day 29/day 1 and GMR day 50/day 1) in HI antibody titer is \>2.5
Percentages of Subjects Who Achieved HI Titers ≥40 After Two Doses of the Cell Culture Derived or the Egg Derived Influenza Vaccine in 3 to 8 Year-old Children	Day 29 and Day 50 post vaccination	To evaluate immunogenicity in terms of HI titers ≥40, in children 3-8 years of age after two doses of either cTIV vaccine or eTIV vaccine, administered 4 weeks apart. The criterion is met according to European (CHMP) guideline if the percentage of subjects achieving HI titers ≥40 is \>70% and according to the US (CBER) guideline if the lower bound of the two sided 95%CI for percentage of subjects achieving HI titers ≥40 is ≥70%.
Percentages of Subjects Who Achieved Seroconversion or Significant Increase in HI Titers After Two Doses of the Cell Culture-derived Vaccine or the Egg-derived Influenza Vaccine in 3 to 8 Year-old Children	Day 29 and Day 50 post vaccination	Seroconversion or significant increase as per CHMP criteria is defined as percentage of subjects with a pre vaccination HI titer \<10 to a post vaccination titer ≥40 or a pre vaccination HI titer ≥10 and a ≥4-fold increase in post vaccination HI antibody titer. According to the CHMP criteria, the percentage of subjects achieving seroconversion or significant increase should be \>40%. According to the CBER criteria, the lower bound of the two-sided 95% CI for the percentage of subjects achieving seroconversion/significant increase should be ≥40%.
Geometric Mean Ratio After 1 Dose of the Cell Culture-derived or the Egg-derived Influenza Vaccine in 9 to 17 Year-old Children and Adolescents.	Day 29 post vaccination	Immunogenicity was evaluated in terms of Geometric Mean Ratio (GMRs) in 9 to 17 year-old children and adolescents after one injection of either cTIV vaccine or eTIV. The criterion is met according to European (CHMP) guideline if the mean geometric increase GMR (day29/day1) in HI antibody titer is \>2.5.
Number of Subjects Reporting Local and Systemic Reactions After 1 Dose of the Cell Culture-derived or the Egg-derived Influenza Vaccine in 9 to 17 Year-old Children and Adolescents.	up to 7 days after vaccination	To evaluate safety and tolerability in terms of number of 9 to 17 year-old children and adolescents (cohorts 1 and 2) reporting local and systemic reactions following of one injection of the cTIV or the eTIV vaccine .
Number of Subjects Reporting Local and Systemic Reactions After One and Two Doses of the Cell Culture-derived Vaccine or Egg-derived Influenza Vaccine in 3 to 8 Year-old Children.	up to 7 days after each vaccination	To evaluate the safety and tolerability of the cTIV and the eTIV influenza vaccines in 3 to 8 year-old children terms of number of participants reporting local and systemic reactions after each vaccination.

Trial Locations

Locations (60): Site 43: Spec. Pediatric Dispensary
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Sisak, Croatia
Site 67: Lahden rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Lahti, Finland
Site 68: Porin rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Pori, Finland
Site 69: Turun rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Turku, Finland
Site 57: Házi Gyermekorvosi Rendelő
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Budapest, Hungary
Site 51: 5053. számú Gyermekorvosi Rendelő
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Miskolc, Hungary
Site 59: Vas Megyei Markusovszky Lajos, Általános, Rehabilitációs és Gyógyfürdő Kórház, Egyetemi Oktató Kórház
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Szombathely, Hungary
Site 54: Házi Gyermekorvosi Rendelő
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Budapest, Hungary
Site 33
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Vilnius, Lithuania
Site 21
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Craiova, Dolj, Romania
Site 09
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Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
Site 70: Espoon rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Heikintori, Espoo, Finland
Site 79: Kokkola Vaccine Research Clinic
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Rantakatu 7, Kokkola, Finland
Site 07
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Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Site 02
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Bardstown, Kentucky, United States
Site 44:Spec. Pediatric Dispensary
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Dakovo, Croatia
Site 03
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Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Site 27:Institute of Public Health
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Zagreb, Croatia
Site 76: Järvenpään rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Järvenpää, Finland
Site 05
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Endwell, New York, United States
Site 77: Kotkan rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Kotka, Finland
Site 29: Institute of Public Health
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Zagreb, Croatia
Site 49: Spec. Pediatric Dispensary
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Zagreb, Croatia
Site 12
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San Antonio, Texas, United States
Site 41: Ospedale Maggiore della Carità-Clinica Pediatrica
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Novara, Italy
Site 16
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Fort Worth, Texas, United States
Site 72: Itä-Helsingin rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Helsinki, Finland
Site 66: Tampereen rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Tampere, Finland
Site 73: Itä-Vantaan rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Vantaa, Finland
Site 06
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Burke, Virginia, United States
Site 83
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Ljudevita Gaja 2, Djakovo, Croatia
Site 50: Spec. Pediatric Dispensary
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Zagreb, Croatia
Site 86: Spec. Pediatric Dispensary
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Zagreb, Croatia
Site 71: Etelä-Helsingin rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Helsinki, Finland
Site 55: Revamed kft.
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Nyíregyháza, Hungary
Site 36
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Vilnius, Lithuania
Site 25
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Campulung Muscel, Arges, Romania
Site 75: Oulun rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Oulu, Finland
Site 31
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Vilnius, Lithuania
Site 52: Ferencvárosi Gyermekorvos Kft.
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Budapest, Hungary
Site 47: Dipartimento Scienze della Salute, Sezione di Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Univesità di Genova
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Genova, Italy
Site 42: Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale - Sezione di Igiene e Medicina Preventiva
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Ferrara, Italy
Site 45: AUSL 7
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Ragusa, Italy
Site 74: Länsi-Vantaan rokotetutkimusklinikka
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Vantaa, Finland
Site 35
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Kaunas, Lithuania
Site 32
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Vilnius, Lithuania
Site 10
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Downey, California, United States
Site 14
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Metairie, Louisiana, United States
Site 01
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St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Site 11
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Omaha, Nebraska, United States
Site 13
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San Angelo, Texas, United States
Site 15
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Spokane, Washington, United States
Site 08
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Bountiful, Utah, United States
Site 40:Spec. Pediatric Dispensary
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Zagreb, Croatia
Site 78: Kuopio Vaccine Research Clinic
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Microkatu 1,Osa/Section A, 3rd floor PL1188, Kuopio, Finland
Site 53: Heim Pál Gyermekkórház
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Budapest, Hungary
Site 56: Házi Gyermekorvosi Rendelő
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Budapest, Hungary
Site 46: USL 2 Perugia, Distretto del perugino, Centro di Salute n. 4 (Madonna Alta) e n. 6 (Ellera di Corciano del distretto del perugino)
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Perugia, Italy
Site 34
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Vilnius, Lithuania
Site 04
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Edison, New Jersey, United States