Understanding the Roles of Estradiol and Follicle-stimulating Hormone in Adipocyte Remodeling Following Surgical and Pharmacology-induced Menopause (RESUME-2 Study)

Rate of in vivo adipogenesis (via deuterium-enrichment of adipose tissue DNA)

时间窗: Change from baseline in enrichment of DNA of adipose cells with deuterium at 8 weeks

Deuterium from the deuterium-labeled water is incorporated into the newly-synthesized DNA of newly-formed fat cell precursor cells through cell replication. The latter carry over the label when they become fat cells through differentiation. Enzymatic digestion of the fat tissue isolates the individual cells constituting the fat tissue. Centrifugation of the cell suspension allows the separation of fat cells into a floating layer and a pellet comprised of stromal-vascular cells including the fat cell precursor cells and small fat cells. As the fat cell precursor cells and small adipocytes have the property to attach quickly to plastic surfaces of culture dishes, a brief culturing of the stromal-vascular cells sorts these cells from the remaining cells. Thus, measuring the deuterium-enrichment of DNA from plastic-adherent stromal-vascular cells indicates the rate of in vivo formation of new mature fat cells and pre-adipocytes, a process collectively termed adipogenesis.