Impact of Graded Motor Imagery Training Paradigm on Shoulder Pain and Quality of Life in Patients With Chronic Stroke
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 42
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Recognise Online program
研究概览
简要总结
Background: Shoulder pain is the most common pain disorder after stroke and one of the most common complications reduced quality of life. Graded Motor Imagery (GMI) is the most up to date rehabilitation program - based on the latest science and clinical trials - to treat many complex pain, and movement problems. Graded motor imagery is the psychological representation of attention doing movement of a part of body, without actually moving that part, it broken down into three unique stages of treatment techniques:
- Left/right discrimination: The ability to identify left or right images of their painful body parts. This ability appears to be important for normal recovery from pain. The good news is that the brain is plastic and changeable, if given the right training for long enough.
- Explicit motor imagery: Essentially thinking about moving without actually moving. Imagined movements can actually be hard work if in pain. This is most likely because 25 percent of the neurons in brain are 'mirror neurons' and start firing when thinking of moving or even watch someone else move. By imagining movements, use similar brain areas as actually move. This is why sports people imagine an activity before they do it.
- Mirror therapy: If putting person left hand behind a mirror and right hand in front, person can trick brain into believing that the reflection of right hand in the mirror is left. Person is now exercising left hand in the brain, particularly if person start to move right hand. Graded motor imagery training has been suggested as a treatment technique that should be utilized in addressing shoulder pain and movement impairments following stroke.
详细描述
Stroke is one of the main causes of mortality and disability in the world, and it was reported that about 15 million people suffer from stroke each year, which impose a heavy burden on social health care system. Meanwhile, shoulder pain after stroke, a common and disabling complication, with a prevalence of up to 12%-49%. Usually occurs two to three months after stroke and may result in withdrawal from rehabilitation programs, longer hospital stays, reduced limb function, impairing quality of life of the stroke patients adversely.
Stroke patients with poor upper extremity function have an increased risk of hemiplegic shoulder pain. Various theories have been proposed for the development of hemiplegic shoulder pain, including deficiency in pain adaption , central sensitization to normal or sub-threshold sensory stimuli, and impaired neuromuscular control of the scapula.
Graded motor imagery process from innovation of improved sensory cortex organization to targeted sensory discrimination exercise for clinical benefit has been frequent in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Without eliciting the protective response of pain graded motor imagery slowly involves cortical motor networks. Excessively complex nociception system and the interrupted cortical mechanisms are only provided by graded motor imagery.
Graded motor imager (GMI) uses have 3 sequential stages for application. Left and right judgment which activates premotor cortex without activating primary motor areas is the first stage of graded motor imagery. Fictional movements which trigger motor cortical parts similar to those activated in actual accomplishment of movement is the second stage of graded motor imagery. Mirror therapy triggers not only motor cortex but also provides a strong visual input to the cortex in the third or final stage of graded motor imagery, though activation for each stage of GMI have been supported by brain imaging in healthy subjects.
Statement of the problem:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Factorial
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 45 Years 至 65 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Age ranges from 45 to 65 years old.
- •All patients suffer from shoulder pain post chronic stroke.
- •All patients received same kind of medications.
- •All patients have shoulder mild subluxation diagnosed by X- ray
- •All patients with modified Ashworth scale up to grade 2 muscle tone.
排除标准
- •Patient who suffers from shoulder stiffness post chronic stroke.
- •Patient who suffers from bilateral shoulder pain due to multiple stroke.
- •Patient who suffers from loss of hand movement post stroke.
- •Patient who suffers from mental or psychological disorders.
- •Patient dropped out through the study more than three sessions.
- •Patient who suffers from any systemic disease that may interfere with the objectives of the study
研究组 & 干预措施
Group A
Study group
干预措施: Graded motor imagery training paradigm (Other)
Group A
Study group
干预措施: conventional therapy (task-oriented active/passive range of motion training) (Other)
Group B
Control group
干预措施: conventional therapy (task-oriented active/passive range of motion training) (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Recognise Online program
时间窗: up to 8 weeks
The Recognise online application that displays different parts of the body that correspond to the patients' affected limb (left, right). During this portion of GMI, a patient is shown a group of images that correspond to the affected limb.four values for speed and four for the accuracy of responses corresponding to each patient for each treatment session
Flexible electronic goniometer
时间窗: up to 8 weeks
To assess shoulder range of motion, while the patient was sitting down on a chair. The measurement involved the active flexion and abduction of the shoulder, with the upper limb starting from the neutral position.In each session, there were two measurements, The first was done at the beginning of the session and the second at the end of the session
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
时间窗: up to 8 weeks
It is a self-administered questionnaire that consists of two dimensions, one for pain and the other for functional activities. The pain dimension consists of five questions regarding the severity of an individual's pain. Functional activities are assessed with eight questions designed to measure the degree of difficulty an individual has with various activities of daily living that require upper-extremity use.The SPADI takes 5 to 10 minutes for a patient to complete and is the only reliable and valid region-specific measure for the shoulder every session
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Mohammed samir
Assistant lecturer
Merit University