Investigating the Effects of Altering Portion Size Reduction Awareness on Compensatory Eating Behaviour
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- University of Liverpool
- Enrollment
- 108
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Total delayed post-fixed lunch meal energy intake
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The present study aims to investigate whether energy intake is reduced when participants consume a reduced portion size (15% compared to the 'control' portion), and also to see whether awareness of this reduction affects energy intake.
Detailed Description
In the present study, all participants will participate in two sessions - the baseline session and the experimental session. In the baseline session, participants will be given ad libitum access to a lunch meal (followed by ad libitum access to dessert), and ad libitum access to a dinner meal (followed by ad libitum access to dessert). Then, after a washout period of between 1-6 weeks, participants will return to complete the experimental session, where they will be randomised to one of three conditions:
Condition 1 (control condition): The same as the baseline condition except that the lunch will be of a fixed portion which participants must consume all of - this portion size will be the same amount of food as was consumed in the ad libitum lunch meal in the baseline session (participants will be told that the amount of food served is the same as the amount they consumed in the baseline session).
Condition 2 (reduced aware condition): The same as the baseline condition except that the lunch will be of a fixed portion which participants must consume all of - this portion size will be 15% less than the amount of food consumed in the ad libitum lunch meal in the baseline session (participants will be told that the amount of food served has been reduced from the amount they consumed in the baseline session).
Condition 3 (reduced unaware condition): The same as the baseline condition except that the lunch will be of a fixed portion which participants must consume all of - this portion size will be 15% less than the amount of food consumed in the ad libitum lunch meal in the baseline session (participants will be told that the amount of food served is the same as the amount they consumed in the baseline session).
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 60 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •United Kingdom (UK) residents able to visit laboratory on campus in Liverpool, aged ≥ 18
- •Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5 and 32.5 kg/m2
- •Proficiency in English language
- •Self-report willingness to eat each of the test foods
Exclusion Criteria
- •Current medication use which affects appetite
- •Currently or previously diagnosed with an eating disorder
- •Currently on a diet
- •Have any food allergies or intolerances
- •Are vegan
Arms & Interventions
Control Condition
Participants will be served a lunch - this will be of a fixed portion - this portion size will be the same amount of food as was consumed in the ad libitum lunch meal in the baseline session (participants will be told that the amount of food served is the same as the amount they consumed in the baseline session).
Intervention: Portion size manipulation (Behavioral)
Reduce aware condition
Participants will be served a lunch - this will be of a fixed portion - this portion size will be 15% less than the amount of food consumed in the ad libitum lunch meal in the baseline session (participants will be told that the amount of food served has been reduced from the amount they consumed in the baseline session).
Intervention: Portion size manipulation (Behavioral)
Reduced unaware condition
Participants will be served a lunch - this will be of a fixed portion - this portion size will be 15% less than the amount of food consumed in the ad libitum lunch meal in the baseline session (participants will be told that the amount of food served is the same as the amount they consumed in the baseline session).
Intervention: Portion size manipulation (Behavioral)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Total delayed post-fixed lunch meal energy intake
Time Frame: Within 10 hours after intervention administered
Amount of energy consumed from the post-lunch snack box intake, dinner meal, dinner dessert, post-dinner snack box intake, additional energy intake
Total post-fixed lunch meal energy intake
Time Frame: Within 10 hours after intervention administered
Amount of energy consumed from the lunch dessert, post-lunch snack box intake, dinner meal, dinner dessert, post-dinner snack box intake, additional energy intake
Immediate energy intake post-fixed lunch meal
Time Frame: Within 30 minutes after intervention administered
Amount of energy consumed from the lunch dessert
Secondary Outcomes
- Total intake of the ad libitum dinner meal(Within 4-5 hours after intervention administered)
- Post-lunch snack box intake(Within 4 hours after intervention administered)