From Lesion to Resolution: A CBCT-Based retrospective study comparing bioactive materials for Non-Surgical Root Canal Therapy

Aim:-

To evaluate the effect of non-surgical healing on large periapical lesions of teeth using bioactive materials with the aid of CBCT scans after a follow up period of 6 months and 1 year.

Materials and method:-

A total of 40 teeth were taken for this retrospective study with single or multirooted teeth and periapical pathology of more than 4mm in diameter present with pre-operative and follow-up CBCTs available. All the cases considered underwent endodontic treatment using one of three bioactive materials (MTA, Biodentine, Bioceramics). Assessment of healing was done based on radiographic CBCT scans and CBCT-PAI criteria. The teeth were divided into healing, healed or diseased based on changes in the CBCT PAI score after 6 months and 1 year. All the data was recorded in a tabular form and sent for statistical analysis using chi-square test, t-test and Friedmann’s test.

Results:-

There was no statistically significant difference in age-wise, gender-wise or arch-wise distribution. Whilst there was a statistically significant difference in individual teeth after 6 months and 1 year, with maxillary incisors showing the highest percentage of healing after 1 year. Increase in healed cases was also seen across all groups after 1 year. No significant difference was seen between the use of the three bioactive materials

Conclusion:-

Amongst all the teeth assessed, single rooted maxillary teeth showed the highest amount of healing. All three Bioactive materials showed a favourable outcome for the treatment regardless of the material used