Effectiveness Of Spencer’s Technique Versus Task Specific Exercise In Improving Range Of Motion, Pain And Fear Of Movement In Individuals With Frozen Shoulder: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterised by pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion in the shoulder joint, significantly affecting daily activities. This randomized clinical trial aims to compare the effectiveness of Spencer’s Technique—a structured manual therapy involving specific mobilization movements—and Task-Specific Exercises, which are functional movements based on daily tasks, in improving shoulder range of motion, reducing pain, and minimizing fear of movement (kinesiophobia) in individuals with frozen shoulder. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the Spencer’s Technique group or the Task-Specific Exercise group. Both groups will receive interventions over a defined period under professional supervision. Outcome measures will include joint range of motion, pain intensity (measured by a numerical pain rating scale (NPRS)), and fear of movement (assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia). The study seeks to identify which intervention is more effective in restoring function and enhancing the quality of life for individuals with frozen shoulder.