Transport Related Air Pollution, Variance in commuting, Exposure and Lung functio

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Completed

Sex: Not specified

Target Recruitment: 32

Inclusion Criteria

healthy, non-smoking, working in vicinity (1 km) of Hulpverlening Gelderland Midden, working mainly in the office, 18-50 years of age, living within 15 minutes from Hulpverlening Gelderland Midden

Exclusion Criteria

People are excluded when smoking.
And people are excluded when having doctor diagnosed asthma, COPD or CARA, and when answering yes to one of the following questions:;Have you had wheezing or whistling in your chest at any time in the last 12 months?
Have you had an attack of shortness of breath that came on during the day when you were at rest at any time in the last 12 months?
Have you had an attack of shortness of breath that came on following strenuous activity at any time in the last 12 months?
Have you been woken by an attack of shortness of breath at any time in the last 12 months?
Have you been woken by an attack of coughing at any time in the last 12 months?
Do you usually cough first thing in the morning in the winter?
Do you usually cough during the day, or at night, in the winter?
Do you cough like this on most days for as much as three months each year?
Do you usually bring up any phlegm from your chest first thing in the morning in the winter?
Do you usually bring up any phlegm from your chest during the day, or at night, in the winter?
Do you bring up phlegm like this on most days for as much as three months each year?
Have you used any inhaled medicines to help your breathing at any time in the last 12 months?;(These questions are taken from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS), www.ecrhs.org)

Study & Design

Study Type: Observational invasive

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>On the study days, the volunteers will first meat at Hulpverlening Gelderland<br /><br>Midden to perform some health effects measurements: a lung function test, an<br /><br>airway resistance test, a measurement of nitrogenoxide in exhaled breath, a<br /><br>blood sample and a symptom questionnaire. These health effects will be repeated<br /><br>directly after, and six hours after exposure. During commuting, exposure to<br /><br>particulate matter (PM), to specific compounds in PM and to volatile organic<br /><br>compounds (VOCs) will be measured. The relation between exposure and health<br /><br>effects will be studied using regression analysis.</p><br>

Secondary Outcome Measures