A comparative study of gall bladder extraction techniques in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy- Umbilical port v/s Epigastric port

The procedure for this study involves enrolling patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy who meet the inclusion criteria. After obtaining informed preoperative consent, standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed wherein the gallbladder is dissected and placed in an endobag for retrieval. Depending on the surgeon’s preference, the gallbladder is extracted either through the umbilical port or the epigastric port—both of which are standard 10 mm working ports used in the surgery.No randomization is involved, and patients are grouped based on the port used for extraction. Postoperative pain is managed uniformly with intravenous paracetamol 1 gram every 8 hours. Pain scores are assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on postoperative day 1, during the first follow-up visit, and again at 3 months via telephone. Additional parameters recorded include the duration of the retrieval process, surgical site infection rates at the extraction port, postoperative hospital stay, and development of port-site hernia at 3 months. Data is collected in a standardized pro forma and subjected to statistical analysis to determine the significance of differences between the two extraction techniques.