Development and Evaluation of Raw Banana Flour-Enriched Muffins for Hypertensive Patients: A Pilot Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 42
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Lipid Profile
研究概览
简要总结
This study evaluated the effects of raw banana flour (RBF)-enriched muffins on hypertensive patients in Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 34 patients were divided into three groups: a control group and two intervention groups receiving muffins with 35% (C1) or 40% (C2) RBF for 10 weeks. Sensory evaluation showed high acceptability of the 35% RBF muffins, comparable to control muffins. Clinical outcomes indicated that both intervention groups experienced improvements in body weight, BMI, blood pressure, liver enzymes, and lipid profiles, with more pronounced benefits observed in the 40% RBF group. The findings suggest that RBF-enriched muffins, particularly at 40% substitution, can offer functional, nutritional, and clinical benefits for individuals with hypertension.
详细描述
2. Materials and Methods The study received ethical approval from the University of Lahore (REC-UOL/466/08/24). Informed consent was obtained from all participants, who were fully informed about the study's aims, methods, risks, and benefits, and were allowed to ask questions and withdraw at any time.
2.2. Materials Raw banana flour, whole wheat flour, brown sugar, baking powder, pink salt, coconut oil, vanilla essence, cinnamon powder, eggs, and plastic bags were procured from the local market of Lahore, Pakistan, and subsequently stored in the Food Science and Nutrition Lab at the University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), University of Lahore, Pakistan. Standard kits from Merck Specialities Pvt. Ltd. were employed to assess liver enzyme tests and lipid profiles.
2.3. Settings: This study took place at the Food Science and Nutrition Lab, UIDNS, University of Lahore, and Nutrition Department, Noor Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
2.4. Sensory Evaluation Muffins were tasted by 10 professionals. Randomly placed muffins have two-digit codes. Cookies with two-digit numbers were distributed randomly. The panelists used a 9-point hedonic scale (9 = highly liked; 1 = severely disliked) to rate color, appearance, flavor, texture, overall acceptability, and affordability (Wichchukit & O'Mahony, 2015). During sensory evaluation, panelists cleaned their taste receptors with mineral water and expectorant cups (Handa et al., 2012).
2.5. Subjects In this pilot study, 48 patients signed up; however, 6 of them were not allowed to participate because they did not meet the requirements (Figure 1). We randomly put 42 patients into three groups. There were three groups of 42 patients, each with the same number of people. There were 14 people in each group. Four people were left out of the control group (C0) because of some personal issues. Two people were taken out of the intervention group (C1) because they had to travel, were constipated, or started using an alternative medicine. Two other people moved from the intervention group (C2) to start taking an alternative medicine. Figure 1 shows that 10 patients were in the control group, 12 were in the intervention group (C1), and 12 were in the other intervention group (C2). All of them finished the trial and were tested after 10 weeks, lipid profile and liver enzymes were assessed at the end of study.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 35 Years 至 55 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •The study included men and women between the ages of 35 and
- •who had high levels of total cholesterol (>220 mg/dL), total triglycerides (>150 mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein (>130 mg/dL).
排除标准
- •People with diabetes, serious diseases, or surgeries in the last three months, or other conditions that might produce high cholesterol, were not allowed to take part.
- •People who had gastrointestinal problems or were known to be allergic to cinnamon were also not accepted.
结局指标
主要结局
Lipid Profile
时间窗: 10 Weeks
Level of total cholesterol (mg/dL), total triglycerides (mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) were measure.
Lipid Profile
时间窗: 10 Weeks
Level of total cholesterol (mg/dL), total triglycerides (mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) were measure.
Blood Pressure (systolic pressure and diastolic pressure)
时间窗: 10 Weeks
Level of Blood pressure was observed among hypertensive patients
次要结局
- Liver Enzymes(10 weeks)
- Liver Enzymes(10 weeks)
研究者
Sana Noreen
Assistant Professor
University of Lahore