Honest Open Proud for Adolescents With Mental Illness

Phase 2

Completed

• Conditions: Secrecy Versus Disclosure Among Adolescents With Mental Illness

• Registration Number: NCT02751229
• Lead Sponsor: University of Ulm

Brief Summary

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of the group-based intervention 'Honest Open Proud' among adolescents with mental illness.

Detailed Description

Both due to fear of public stigma and due to self-stigma or shame, people with mental illness may decide to keep their condition a secret or even to withdraw from other people altogether in order to minimise the risk of being labelled. Secrecy can help on the short term to protect individuals from public stigma, but often it has negative long-term consequences such as social isolation, distress and unemployment. Disclosure, on the other hand, carries the risk to be discriminated by others, but can reduce the burden of secrecy, lead to support by others and reduce public stigma. In this study investigators aim to evaluate whether a group program run both by people with mental illness (peers) and professionals helps to reduce self-stigma and makes it easier for adolescents to handle the necessary choices related to secrecy versus disclosure.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2016-03-24
• Study First Submitted QC: 2016-04-21
• Study First Posted: 2016-04-26
• Study Start: 2016-05
• Status Verified: 2017-03
• Primary Completion: 2017-05
• Study Completion: 2017-05
• Last Update Submitted: 2017-05-08
• Last Update Posted: 2017-05-09

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 100

Inclusion Criteria

• At least one self-reported current axis I or axis II disorder according to DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), which is not restricted to only substance-related disorder(s)
• Age 13 to 18
• Ability to provide written informed consent
• Fluid in German (needed for self-report measures)
• At least a moderate level of self-reported disclosure-related distress/difficulty (score 4 or higher on the screening item 'In general, how distressed or worried are you in terms of secrecy or disclosure of your mental illness to others?', rated from 1, not at all, to 7, very much)

Exclusion Criteria

• Self-reported diagnosis of only a substance- or alcohol-related disorder, without non-substance related current psychiatric comorbidity. We will exclude people who only have a substance-/alcohol-related disorder because the disclosure of these disorders is not the topic of the HOP intervention
• Intellectual disability
• Organic disorders

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Stigma Stress Scale, 8 items (Rüsch, Corrigan, Wassel et al., 2009; Rüsch, Corrigan, Powell et al., 2009)	3 weeks (T1)
Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire KIDSCREEN-10 Index, 10 items (Deighton et al., 2014; Ravens-Sieberer et al., 2010)	6 weeks (T2)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Satisfaction with intervention questionnaire (according to Keller, Konopka, Fegert, & Naumann, 2003; own development)	3 weeks
Empowerment Scale, Subscales 'self-esteem' and 'control over the future', 13 items (Rogers, Chamberlin, Ellison, & Crean, 1997)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks
Attitudes to disclosure, 2 items (Rüsch, Evans-Lacko, Henderson, Flach, & Thornicroft, 2011)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks	2 items on attitudes to disclosure, adapted from a UK Dept of Health survey (see above Rüsch et al 2011 reference for further details) with seven-point Likert scale
Disclosure Distress, 1 item ("In general, how distressed or worried are you in terms of secrecy or disclosure of your mental illness to others?', from 1, not at all, to 7, very much) (Rüsch et al., 2014a)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks
Shame about having a mental illness, 1 item ("Do you feel ashamed about having a mental illness?"; from 1, not at all, to 7, very much) (Rüsch et al., 2014b)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks
General Help-Seeking Questionnaire, 1 item (Wilson et al., 2005)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks
Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), 4-item short version (Yip, Paul S F & Cheung, 2006)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks
Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (SSMIS), Subscale 'self-concurrence', 5 items (Corrigan et al., 2012; Rüsch et al., 2006)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks
Self-Identified Stage of Recovery (SISR), 5 items (Andresen, Caputi, & Oades, 2010)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks	brief self-rated assessment of stage of recovery; consists of two parts (A \& B): Part A reflects five statements about stages of recovery, participants have to choose one that best reflects their current experience. Part B consists of four statements reflecting recovery processes, rated on a six-point Likert scale
Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness Inventory (ISMI), 10-item short version (Boyd, Otilingam, & Deforge, 2014)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks
Social withdrawal and secrecy, 12 item-short version (Link et al., 2009)	baseline, 3 and 6 weeks

Trial Locations

Locations (5)

Illinois Institute of Technology; 🇺🇸 Chicago, Illinois, United States

Josefinum, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; 🇩🇪 Augsburg, Germany

Department of Psychiatry II, Section Public Mental Health, Ulm University, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg; 🇩🇪 Ulm, Germany

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm; 🇩🇪 Ulm, Germany

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Weissenau, Centre for Psychiatry in South-Württemberg; 🇩🇪 Weissenau, Germany