Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity Among Community Dwelling Elderly: A Pilot Study
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Enrollment
- 65
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Muscle Mass
Study Overview
Brief Summary
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a geriatric syndrome, characterized by reduced muscle mass and function, and increase in body fat. It is classified as a new category of obesity in elderly. It found to be associated with higher risk of physical disability, hospitalization, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disorders and mortality. According to the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and The Pacific's (UNESCAP) 2016 population data, Malaysians aged sixty and above contribute to 9.5% of the population. The aging individuals are estimated to reach 23.5% of the population by 2050. In the matter of human health, SO increases the risk of falls and fracture, deteriorates the performance of activities of daily living, enhances the risk of getting multiple health-related outcomes and results in physical disability. Eventually, the quality of life is adversely affected. In financial terms, SO cause significant burden to health care systems. Both hospitalization and cost of care during hospitalization are increased. Therefore, study of SO has experienced a revitalized research interest due to its negative impact on public health. In addition, there is significant lack of literature related to prevalence of SO in community-dwelling elderly in Malaysia, hence, a need to investigate this phenomenon.
Detailed Description
Pilot study design was employed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity among community-dwelling elderly living in Kajang, Selangor. The sampling method used for recruitment of subjects was non-probability, convenient sampling. Sample size was calculated based on the work carrrid by Viechtbauer in 2015.
n=(In (1-y))/(In (1-π) ) where n = sample size π = problem probability y = level of confidence
The population of Kajang is approximately 428,131. The elderly population made up of about 9.5% of the total population in Malaysia based on the UNESCAP's 2016 population data. With confidence interval of 95% and margin of error 5%, The targeted sample size for this research study was set to be 59. Investigators recruited 65 subjects.
Measurements of the four diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity were:
- Muscle mass (skeletal muscle index - SMI) 2. Body Fat (percent body fat). Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) device was used to measure muscle mass and percent body fat 3. Muscle strength (handgrip strength), and 4. Physical performance (usual gait speed).
Study Design
- Study Type
- Observational
- Observational Model
- Case Only
- Time Perspective
- Cross Sectional
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 60 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Aged 60 and above
- •Either gender
- •Able to ambulate independently with or without walking aids
Exclusion Criteria
- •Individuals who are wheelchair bound.
- •Individuals with metal implant (eg. Artificial pacemaker, joint arthroplasty)
- •Individuals with skin lesions that restrict the use of BIA
- •Individuals with amputation of limbs
- •Individuals with hearing impairment and not using hearing aid
- •Individuals with visual impairment and not using spectacles
- •Individuals with fear of fall
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Muscle Mass
Time Frame: Through Study completion, an average of 6 months.
Gait speed
Time Frame: Through Study completion, an average of 6 months.
Body fat percent
Time Frame: Through Study completion, an average of 6 months.
Hand-grip strength
Time Frame: Through Study completion, an average of 6 months.
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Imtiyaz Ali Mir
Principal Investigator
Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman