Effects of Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy (NECT) on Self-stigma in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Study
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Schizophrenia
- Sponsor
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
- Enrollment
- 86
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS)
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 5 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This study aims to explore the effect of narrative enhancement and cognitive therapy in improving self-stigma, self-esteem, depression and hope of patients with chronic schizophrenia.
Detailed Description
86 participants with chronic schizophrenia in two different hospitals in northern Taiwan were recruited in this study. All participants were randomized into experimental and control groups through block randomization. After randomization, the participants in control group received routine care and the others in experimental group received Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy(NECT) which contains 20 times group meetings. The research tools include demographic data, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS), the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC), Rosenberg self-Esteem scale (RSES), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Herth Hope Index (HHI). The questionnaires were collected for three times, including before the intervention, 12 weeks after intervention, and after the end of intervention. The collected data were analyzed by IBM SPSS 24.0 statistical software. The descriptive statistics include mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, frequency distribution, and percentages; the Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to explore the effect of Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy on self-stigma, self-esteem, depressive symptoms and hope in patients with schizophrenia after controlling demographic data.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •People with Schizophrenia for more than two years.
- •The age is between 20(included) and 64(included).
- •Can communicate with Mandarin or Taiwanese.
- •The score of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is above 24(included).
- •The score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) is below 60(included).
- •People are willing to participate in this study, can read and know the consent and can sign on the consent by their own.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Exclude people with a personality disorder, brain injury, cognitive impairment, Intellectual Developmental Disorder or substance use disorder.
- •people who are not willing to sign the consent.
- •people can not read.
- •people can not communicate with Mandarin or Taiwanese.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS)
Time Frame: For two groups at baseline(T0), at 12th week(T1) and at 20th week(T2)
To measure internalized stigma. There are five sub-scales in ISMIS, including Alienation(6 items), Stereotype Experience(7 items), Discrimination Experience(5 items), Social Withdrawal(6 items) and Stigma Resistance(5 items). There are 29 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=agree, 4=strongly agree) and higher score means higher internalized stigma.
The Discrimination and Stigma Scale
Time Frame: For two groups at baseline(T0), at 12th week(T1) and at 20th week(T2)
To know the experiences of discrimination and stigma. There are four sub-scales in DISC, including Unfair Treatment, Stopping Self, Overcoming Stigma and Positive Treatment. These four sub-scales are independent. Using four point to rate each item(0=not at all, 1=a little, 2=Moderately, 3=A lot) or choose "Not applicable" if the item is not applicable for the subject.
Secondary Outcomes
- Rosenberg self-esteem scale(For two groups at baseline(T0), at 12th week(T1) and at 20th week(T2))
- Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)(For two groups at baseline(T0), at 12th week(T1) and at 20th week(T2))
- Herth Hope Index (HHI)(For two groups at baseline(T0), at 12th week(T1) and at 20th week(T2))