Evaluation of secondary stability in Healthy and Diabeticindividuals using conventional SLA implants andTrabecular Tantalum implants. A Randomized controlledtrial.

Implants are  a preferred choice in the treatment of edentulism. There are various factors including implant surface characteristics and wettability which decide successful osseointegration. Common problems faced by patients during conventional implant treatment includes long waiting time for successful osseointegration usually 3-4 months, which is further delayed in diabetics( upto 6 months). Even though immediate loading is practiced, uncertainties due to lack of biological osseointegration prevails,  which posses unique challenges for the clinicians especially in medically compromised individuals with diabetes mellitus. Hence  there is always a quest for new implant designs and superior surface characteristics for shortened osseointegration time  and to reduce the overall treatment duration with special emphasis for diabetic patients. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is a predictable non invasive tool, for evaluating the primary and secondary stability in numerous study.

a.     Traditional protocols propose that the implant should receive no loading during the osseointegration period usually 3-4 months in healthy individuals which is further higher in diabetics resulting in longer waiting period for the patients without teeth and compromised overall quality of life.

b.     A successful osseointegration is based on many factors that influence the formation and maintenance of bone at the implant surface such as the implant micro and macro surface characteristics, bone quality, primary stability, absence of micro motion, absence of infection during healing, aseptic surgical protocol and patient’s systemic conditions.

c.     Presently various implants are available with superior surface modifications like SLA active and trabecular tantalum implants. These implant surfaces have shown faster osseointegration.

d.     The trabecular implants, With a high coefficient of friction (0.98), it provides excellent initial scratch fit. Unlike coatings and other surfaces, it has up to80% porosity, enhancing the potential for bone ingrowth and soft tissue vascularization. With its nano-textured struct architecture, Trabecular implants are similar to cancellous bone in structure, function, and physiology. The Structure supports bone integration, bone remodeling and vascularization. These properties enhances the rate of osseointegration, thus reducing the overall treatment duration.