Effect of Exercise on Muscle Mass, Functional Capacity and Physical Activity in Community-dwelling Elderly With Sarcopenia in Jamaica
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Sarcopenia
- Sponsor
- The University of The West Indies
- Enrollment
- 38
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Lower extremity (LE) functional strength
- Status
- Terminated
- Last Updated
- 5 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This study examined the effects of combined-modality exercise training (resistance, endurance, flexibility and balance) on muscle mass, muscle function and physical activity in community-dwelling elderly living in Jamaica who had been characterised as having sarcopenia.
Detailed Description
Community-dwelling seniors aged 60 years and older were screened for muscle mass and function (grip strength and walk speed) and persons with sarcopenia were identified using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older Persons (EWGSOP) algorithm for case finding (N=1344). Of the 77 seniors with sarcopenia, 38 consented to participate and were randomly allocated to receive 6 months combined-modality high intensity treadmill based exercise and a 'usual care' home exercise programme. A comparison of the effects of treatment assignment on muscle mass, function, fitness, physical activity level and disability was done. Participants in the supervised combined-modality high intensity group were required to attend sessions 3 times per week; participants in the home exercise programme were required to attend 1 supervised session at the start of their 6-month intervention. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at the end of the 6-month intervention. Data were analysed using standard statistical parametric and non-parametric methods including repeated measures analysis of variance to determine changes in outcomes and regression to establish determinants of outcomes.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •over 60 years old,
- •independently ambulant, with or without an assistive device
- •mentally competent to give informed consent and follow exercise instructions
Exclusion Criteria
- •a history of stroke with residual disability
- •a diagnosis of cancer
- •neuromuscular disorders
- •auto-immune disorders
- •severe arthritis rendering participation in an exercise programme difficult
- •unstable cardiovascular disease which renders exercise unsafe
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Lower extremity (LE) functional strength
Time Frame: 6 months
1-repetition maximum (RM) strength
Appendicular lean mass index
Time Frame: 6 months
dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measured appendicular lean mass summed and divided by height squared, expressed in kg/m2
Functional endurance
Time Frame: 6 months
Distance walked in 6 minutes
Disability
Time Frame: 6 months
Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale: minimum score = 0 (low function, dependent); maximum score = 8 (high function, independent). Lower scores indicate a worse outcome.
Fat-free mass
Time Frame: 6 months
dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) determined: fat mass subtracted from weight, expressed in kg
self-selected walk speed
Time Frame: 6 months
speed in the timed-10-metre walk
Accelerometry
Time Frame: 6 months
weekly energy expenditure
Balance
Time Frame: 6 months
Berg balance test score: minimum score = 0, maximum score = 56. Lower values indicate worse outcome
Secondary Outcomes
- Depression(6 months)
- Timed-up-and-go(6 months)