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Fludarabine and Busulfan Followed by Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Older Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Complete Remission

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising From Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission
Interventions
Biological: filgrastim
Biological: Anti-Thymocyte Globulin
Procedure: Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Registration Number
NCT00070135
Lead Sponsor
Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology
Brief Summary

This phase II trial studies how well fludarabine and busulfan followed by a donor (allogeneic) stem cell transplant work in treating older patients with acute myeloid leukemia that is in first complete remission. Giving low doses of chemotherapy, such as fludarabine and busulfan, before a donor peripheral blood stem cell transplant helps stop the growth of cells in the bone marrow, including normal blood-forming cells (stem cells) and cancer cells. It may also stops the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into the patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The donated stem cells may replace the patient's immune system and help destroy any remaining cancer cells. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can make an immune response against the body's normal cells (called graft-versus-host disease). Giving tacrolimus, methotrexate, and rabbit antithymocyte globulin before or after the transplant may stop this from happening.

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Determine if allogeneic transplantation from a matched sibling or unrelated donor using a non-myeloablative preparative regimen results in a 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) that is better than historical results using standard chemotherapy.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Determine 2-year actuarial risks of transplant-related mortality, acute and chronic graft-versus-host (GVHD) disease and relapse among patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1) following a non-myeloablative preparative regimen.

II. To examine recovery of T and B cell number and function following non-myeloablative stem cell transplant.

III. To examine the time course of T, B and myeloid progenitor chimerism following this preparative regimen.

IV. To characterize the pharmacokinetics of intravenous busulfan used in a non-myeloablative preparation regimen in AML patients age \>= 60 years.

OUTLINE:

PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive fludarabine intravenously (IV) over 30 minutes on days -7 to -3 and busulfan IV over 2 hours 4 times per day (every 6 hours) on days -4 and -3.

GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE (GVHD) PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive tacrolimus orally (PO) or IV twice daily (BID) on days -2 with taper between days 90-120, and stopping by days 150-180. Patients also receive methotrexate IV on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and rabbit antithymocyte globulin IV over 4-6 hours on days -4 through -2.

ALLOGENEIC PERIPHERAL BLOOD STEM CELL TRASNPLANTATION (PBSC): Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC transplant on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim subcutaneously (SC) daily beginning on day 12 and continuing until blood counts recover.

Patients are followed monthly for 1 year, every 3 months for 1 year, and then every 6 months for 3 years.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
121
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Treatment (fludarabine, busulfan, allogeneic PBSC)filgrastimPREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive fludarabine IV over 30 minutes on days -7 to -3 and busulfan IV over 2 hours 4 times per day (every 6 hours) on days -4 and -3. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive tacrolimus PO or IV BID on days -2 with taper between days 90-120, and stopping by days 150-180. Patients also receive methotrexate IV on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and rabbit antithymocyte globulin IV over 4-6 hours on days -4 through -2. ALLOGENEIC PBSC: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC transplant on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim SC daily beginning on day 12 and continuing until blood counts recover.
Treatment (fludarabine, busulfan, allogeneic PBSC)Anti-Thymocyte GlobulinPREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive fludarabine IV over 30 minutes on days -7 to -3 and busulfan IV over 2 hours 4 times per day (every 6 hours) on days -4 and -3. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive tacrolimus PO or IV BID on days -2 with taper between days 90-120, and stopping by days 150-180. Patients also receive methotrexate IV on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and rabbit antithymocyte globulin IV over 4-6 hours on days -4 through -2. ALLOGENEIC PBSC: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC transplant on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim SC daily beginning on day 12 and continuing until blood counts recover.
Treatment (fludarabine, busulfan, allogeneic PBSC)Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationPREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive fludarabine IV over 30 minutes on days -7 to -3 and busulfan IV over 2 hours 4 times per day (every 6 hours) on days -4 and -3. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive tacrolimus PO or IV BID on days -2 with taper between days 90-120, and stopping by days 150-180. Patients also receive methotrexate IV on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and rabbit antithymocyte globulin IV over 4-6 hours on days -4 through -2. ALLOGENEIC PBSC: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC transplant on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim SC daily beginning on day 12 and continuing until blood counts recover.
Treatment (fludarabine, busulfan, allogeneic PBSC)busulfanPREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive fludarabine IV over 30 minutes on days -7 to -3 and busulfan IV over 2 hours 4 times per day (every 6 hours) on days -4 and -3. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive tacrolimus PO or IV BID on days -2 with taper between days 90-120, and stopping by days 150-180. Patients also receive methotrexate IV on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and rabbit antithymocyte globulin IV over 4-6 hours on days -4 through -2. ALLOGENEIC PBSC: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC transplant on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim SC daily beginning on day 12 and continuing until blood counts recover.
Treatment (fludarabine, busulfan, allogeneic PBSC)methotrexatePREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive fludarabine IV over 30 minutes on days -7 to -3 and busulfan IV over 2 hours 4 times per day (every 6 hours) on days -4 and -3. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive tacrolimus PO or IV BID on days -2 with taper between days 90-120, and stopping by days 150-180. Patients also receive methotrexate IV on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and rabbit antithymocyte globulin IV over 4-6 hours on days -4 through -2. ALLOGENEIC PBSC: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC transplant on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim SC daily beginning on day 12 and continuing until blood counts recover.
Treatment (fludarabine, busulfan, allogeneic PBSC)fludarabine phosphatePREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive fludarabine IV over 30 minutes on days -7 to -3 and busulfan IV over 2 hours 4 times per day (every 6 hours) on days -4 and -3. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive tacrolimus PO or IV BID on days -2 with taper between days 90-120, and stopping by days 150-180. Patients also receive methotrexate IV on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and rabbit antithymocyte globulin IV over 4-6 hours on days -4 through -2. ALLOGENEIC PBSC: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC transplant on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim SC daily beginning on day 12 and continuing until blood counts recover.
Treatment (fludarabine, busulfan, allogeneic PBSC)tacrolimusPREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive fludarabine IV over 30 minutes on days -7 to -3 and busulfan IV over 2 hours 4 times per day (every 6 hours) on days -4 and -3. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive tacrolimus PO or IV BID on days -2 with taper between days 90-120, and stopping by days 150-180. Patients also receive methotrexate IV on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and rabbit antithymocyte globulin IV over 4-6 hours on days -4 through -2. ALLOGENEIC PBSC: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC transplant on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim SC daily beginning on day 12 and continuing until blood counts recover.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
2 Year Disease Free Survival In Unrelated Donor Recipient Group2 years

Percentage of participants who were alive and relapse free at 2 years for patients who were matched with an unrelated donor for transplant. The 2 year disease free survival, with 95% confidence interval, was estimated using the Kaplan Meier method.

A relapse is defined as any of the following:

* Reappearance of leukemia blasts cells in peripheral blood

* \>5% blasts in the marrow, not attributable to another cause (e.g., bone marrow regeneration)

* If there are no circulating blasts, but the marrow contains 5-20% blasts, a repeat bone marrow ≥ 1 week later with \>5% blasts is necessary to meet the criteria for relapse

* The development of extramedullary leukemia or leukemic cells in the cerebral spinal fluid

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Non-relapse Mortality (NRM)Up to 5 years

Percentage of patients who died due to causes other than relapse

2 Year DFS for All PatientsUp to 2 years

Percentage of participants who were alive and relapse free at 2 years for all patients. The 2 year disease free survival, with 95% confidence interval, was estimated using the Kaplan Meier method.

Trial Locations

Locations (21)

New York Weill Cornell Cancer Center at Cornell University

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Mount Sinai Medical Center

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Columbus, Ohio, United States

UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center

🇺🇸

San Francisco, California, United States

Greenebaum Cancer Center at University of Maryland Medical Center

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Union Hospital of Cecil County

🇺🇸

Elkton, Maryland, United States

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Masonic Cancer Center at University of Minnesota

🇺🇸

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital - Saint Louis

🇺🇸

Saint Louis, Missouri, United States

Roswell Park Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Buffalo, New York, United States

Monter Cancer Center of the North Shore-LIJ Health System

🇺🇸

Lake Success, New York, United States

Don Monti Comprehensive Cancer Center at North Shore University Hospital

🇺🇸

Manhasset, New York, United States

Massachusetts General Hospital

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Cancer Institute of New Jersey at Cooper - Voorhees

🇺🇸

Voorhees, New Jersey, United States

Tunnell Cancer Center at Beebe Medical Center

🇺🇸

Lewes, Delaware, United States

Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

CCOP - Christiana Care Health Services

🇺🇸

Newark, Delaware, United States

Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States

Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

CCOP - North Shore University Hospital

🇺🇸

Manhasset, New York, United States

Long Island Jewish Medical Center

🇺🇸

New Hyde Park, New York, United States

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