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Neoadjuvant FOLFOXIRI Versus Immediate Surgery for Stage II and III Colon Cancers

Phase 3
Recruiting
Conditions
Colon Cancer Stage II
Colon Cancer Stage III
Interventions
Drug: neoadjuvant chemotherapyI
Procedure: Colectomy
Drug: adjuvant chemotherapy
Registration Number
NCT05194878
Lead Sponsor
Sun Yat-sen University
Brief Summary

BACKGROUND:

In patients with high risk stage II and stage III colon cancer (CC), curative surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX or CAPOX regimens has become a standard treatment. However, 20 to 30 % of these patients will develop distant metastasis, which ultimately result in death. Perioperative chemotherapy is a promising strategy with potential benefits that could be more effective at eradicating micrometastases. Moreover, shrinking tumor before surgery not only facilitate removal of all the tumor by the surgeon but also reduce tumor cell spreading during the procedure. With recent advances in radiology, preoperative computed tomography allows a good prediction of tumor stage (wall penetration and nodal involvement) prior to surgery. The investigators conducted the present randomized study to explore whether perioperative chemotherapy with FOLFOXIRI regimen compared with postoperative chemotherapy could improve disease-free survival in patients with radiologically staged, High-risk, but resectable Stage II or III colon cancer.

OBJECTIVE:

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative chemotherapy with FOLFOXIRI regimen compared to postoperative chemotherapy in patients with High-risk Resectable Stage II and III colon cancer. Secondary objectives are efficacy in terms of R0 resection rate, overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), down-staging of primary tumors, and tolerability of perioperative therapy and postoperative complications.

Detailed Description

This trial is a a two-arm, multicenter, open labelled, prospective, randomized phase III studies. Eligible patients with High-risk Resectable Stage II and III (T4 or T3 with extramural depth≧5 mm) colon cancer patients will be randomly assigned, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive either perioperative or postoperative chemotherapy.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
840
Inclusion Criteria
  • Histologically proven adenocarcinoma or high grade dysplasia on histology plus unequivocal radiological evidence of invasive cancer of the colon(≥ 12 cm from the anal verge).
  • pMMR in immunohistochemical detection or MSI-H in MSI test.
  • Determined preoperatively by either spiral or multidetector CT: high risk T3 (tumor disruption of muscle wall and extension into pericolic fat with more than 5 mm protrusion into adjacent mesenteric fat) or T4 (tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum or directly invades or is adherent to adjacent organs or structures).
  • Patients presenting with acute colonic obstruction may enter the trial only after obstruction is relieved by a successful defunctioning stoma, and when recovered to a fitness level consistent with the other eligibility criteria
  • Adequate full blood count: WBC >3.0 x109/l; Plts >100 x109/l. Anaemia (Hb < 10.0 g/dl) is not an exclusion, but should be corrected by transfusion prior to surgery and chemotherapy. If Hb remains low despite transfusions, surgery and chemotherapy can be given at the decision of the surgical and oncology teams.
  • Adequate renal biochemistry: serum creatinine was less than 1.5 times the normal value.
  • Adequate hepatobiliary function: serum total bilirubin and ALT were less than 1.5 times the normal value.
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Any patient for whom radiotherapy is advised by the MDT
  • Strong evidence of distant metastases or peritoneal nodules (M1)
  • dMMR in immunohistochemical detection or MSI-L/MS-S in MSI test.
  • Peritonitis (secondary to perforated tumour)
  • Colonic obstruction that has not been defunctioned
  • Serious medical comorbidity, eg uncontrolled inflammatory bowel disease, uncontrolled angina or recent (<6 months) MI
  • Another serious medical condition judged to compromise ability to tolerate neoadjuvant therapy and/or surgery
  • Any other malignant disease within the preceding 5 years with the exception of non-melanomatous skin cancer, carcinoma in situ and early stage disease with a recurrence risk <5%

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Neoadjuvant chemotherapyneoadjuvant chemotherapyI12 weeks of FOLFOXIRI neuoadjuvantly followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy
Neoadjuvant chemotherapyColectomy12 weeks of FOLFOXIRI neuoadjuvantly followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy
Postoperative chemotherapyColectomysurgery followed by 24 weeks of FOLFOX or CapeOX or Cape
Postoperative chemotherapyadjuvant chemotherapysurgery followed by 24 weeks of FOLFOX or CapeOX or Cape
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Disease-free survival2 years

Defined as the time from randomization to relapse or death, whichever occurred first

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Surgical morbidity30 days post surgery

Complication after surgery

CT stagingfrom randomization to surgery completed, up to 6 months

the accuracy of CT staging

Overall survival5 years

Defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause

Down-staging of primary tumors1 year

Down-staging of the resected tumour as measured by histopathological tumour diameter and stage according to the TNM staging system of AJCC (7th version)

Chemotherapy toxicitythrough chemotherapy administration, up to 6 months

The grade of toxicity will be assessed using the NCI common toxicity criteria, version 4.0

R0 resection rateafter surgery completed, up to 1 month

Quality of resection specimen

CT assessment of response to neoadjuvant treatmentup to 6 months

CT evaluation of the thickness of tumor walls or tumor diameter or tumor length. Efficacy evaluation will be assessed using the RECIST criteria, version 1.1.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

651 Dongfeng Road East

🇨🇳

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

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