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Caloric Restriction in Obese Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Effects on Adiposity, Comorbidity and Cognition

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Obesity
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Interventions
Other: medical care
Behavioral: caloric restriction
Registration Number
NCT01286389
Lead Sponsor
University of Sao Paulo General Hospital
Brief Summary

Obesity has been associated with cognitive impairments, lower blood flow, metabolic activity and brain volume. Obesity in adulthood is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease in the elderly. The mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition that may precede dementia. We hypothesized that promotion of weight loss in obese people with MCI, through caloric restriction could lead to improvement in cognitive performance or reduction in the rate of decline and decreased risk of dementia. A sample of 80 patients aged ≥ 60 years, obese, with MCI, will be randomized to two groups that will be followed for 12 months. The control group will receive conventional medical care. The intervention group will receive nutritional counseling individually and in groups, aiming to promote weight loss through caloric restriction, and medical monitoring. Before and after intervention patients will be evaluated for anthropometry, body composition, physical performance, control of comorbidities, laboratory tests (glucose, insulin, lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, CRP), Genotyping apolipoprotein E, neuropsychological battery, questionnaires about activities of daily living, physical activity and diet.

Detailed Description

Objectives: To evaluate the cognitive performance of obese patients with MCI and the effect of weight loss induced by caloric restriction on cognition, conversion to dementia, to assess weight loss, changes in inflammatory and metabolic parameters, change in physical capacity, performance in neuropsychological tests and correlate with effects of the intervention. Methods: The patients will be randomized to two groups that will be followed for 12 months. The control group will receive conventional medical care. The intervention group will receive nutritional counseling individually and in groups, aiming to promote weight loss (10% of body weight) through caloric restriction, and medical monitoring. Everyone will be advised to physical activity. Before and after 12 months patients will be evaluated for anthropometry, body composition, physical performance, control of comorbidities, laboratory tests (glucose, insulin, lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, CRP), Genotyping apolipoprotein E, neuropsychological battery, questionnaires about activities of daily living, physical activity and diet.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
80
Inclusion Criteria
  • body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2
  • independent for most of the instrumental activities of daily life;
  • literate;
  • able to walk,
  • diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment
Exclusion Criteria
  • weight loss greater than 3 kg over the past two months,
  • presence of uncontrolled disease that potentially interfere with metabolism and weight gain or whose treatment would influence the cognitive performance, such as major depression, bulimia, hypothyroidism, Cushing's disease, heart failure, neoplasia in the last 3 years, alcoholism, infectious diseases and auto-immune activity;
  • use of anti-obesity drugs, benzodiazepines, neuroleptics or estrogen replacement therapy in the past 2 months;
  • previous bariatric surgery,
  • severe sensory deficit

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
caloric restriction +medical carecaloric restrictionNutritional counseling individually and in groups, aiming to promote weight loss (10% of body weight) through caloric restriction, +Conventional medical care, geriatric consultations at least 6 times in 12 months, short lifestyle counseling (exercise)
Conventional medical caremedical careConventional medical care, geriatric consultations at least 6 times in 12 months, short lifestyle counseling (exercise+healthy diet)
caloric restriction +medical caremedical careNutritional counseling individually and in groups, aiming to promote weight loss (10% of body weight) through caloric restriction, +Conventional medical care, geriatric consultations at least 6 times in 12 months, short lifestyle counseling (exercise)
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Neuropsychological test performancebaseline and 12 months

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Subjective Memory Complaints scale and CAMcog from CAMDEX (The Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly, The Rivermead Behavioural Memory, The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, trail making test part A and B, The Rey auditory-verbal learning test, semantic and phonologic verbal fluency test, digits (WAIS-III), vocabulary (WAIS - III), matrix (WAIS - III)

Weight loss12 months

anthropometry (weight, height, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference), body composition by bioimpedance

Diagnosis of dementia12 months

The diagnosis of dementia will be given from the DSM IV TR: The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease will be defined according to DSM IV.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
plasma biomarkers0 and 12 months

glucose, insulin, lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, CRP

Evaluation of Food Consumption0 and 12 moths
Genotyping apolipoprotein Ebaseline

The genotype is a covariate to assess response to treatment

Charlson comorbidity index0 and 12 moths
International physical activity questionnaire- short version (IPAQ)0 and 12 moths
SPPB- Short physical performance battery0 and 12 moths
Blood pressure0 and 12 moths

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hospital das Clínicas - Faculdade de Medicina da USP

🇧🇷

Sao Paulo, Brazil

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