Nutrient Bioavailability From Microalgae
- Conditions
- Nutrient Deficiency
- Interventions
- Dietary Supplement: Smoothie with microalgae
- Registration Number
- NCT04567823
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Jena
- Brief Summary
The intervention study is designed to evaluate nutrient bioavailability and physiological impact of two selected microalgae species of interest in a randomized study in humans. The controlled study in parallel design will be conducted with healthy males and females between 20 and 35 years.
- Detailed Description
The microalgae are selected depending on their contents of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, e.g. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), high-quality protein (focus: essential amino acids), dietary fibers but also vitamin D pre-cursors and further vitamins, minerals and trace elements.The nutrient bioavailability is evaluated in a controlled, randomized, double-blind study in parallel design. The intervention products (smoothie enriched with Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Nannochloropsis salina) are consumed daily over 14 days. In addition, the background diet is standardised by provision of defined menu plans ensuring an optimal energy and nutrient intake. The control group I receive no intervention products and no menu plans and control group II receive a smoothie without microalage and defined menu plans.
A sup-group of five participants per group consume a test meal after the fasting blood sampling on the first study day. This is followed by a postprandial blood sampling after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes.
The NovAL study is conducted to evaluate the bioavailability of nutrients such as omega-3 LC-PUFA, vitamin D, vitamin B12, further vitamins, amino acids, minerals, and trace elements from the selected microalgae species. Therefore, the concentration of these valuable nutrients and relevant markers of their status in humans (e.g. vitamin B12 status: holo-transcobalamin, methylmalonic acid, homocysteine; iron status: ferritin, transferrin, transferrin saturation) are analysed in the human biofluids (serum/plasma, erythrocytes, 24 h urine) before and after defined consumption of the selected microalgae species over 14 days. Besides the comprehensive analysis of the nutrient status in humans, cardiovascular risk factors and risk factors for diabetes mellitus type II are analysed. Thus, the NovAL study allows the assessment of i) the nutrient bioavailability from the selected microalgae species but also ii) their contribution on nutrient supply and prevention of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases or diabetes mellitus type.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 80
- females and males
- BMI < 30 kg/m2
- subjects must be able and willing to give written informed consent, and to comply with study procedures
- participants following a traditional Western diet composed of dairy products, sausage, meat, fast foods, chocolate and snacks, cereals, vegetables, and fruits (PAL: 1.6)
- precondition: Stable eating habits of at least one years before enrolment
- subjects must have adequate fluency in the German language to complete the questionnaires and understand the nutritional recommendations
- subjects with any acute or chronic disease (CVD, tumor, infection, other), gastrointestinal diseases, diabetes mellitus (type I and II), chronic renal disease, diseases of the parathyroid, diseases necessitating regular phlebotomies other chronic diseases which could affect the results of the present study
- use of prescription medicine which could affect results of the study, including systemic glucocorticoids
- intake of lipid-lowering drugs, diabetes medication, hormone replacement therapy
- estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) rate < 60 ml/min
- weight loss (≤ 3 kg) or weight gain (≥ 3 kg) during the last three months before study begin
- pregnancy or lactation
- transfusion of blood in the last three months before blood sample taking
- use of dietary supplements incl. multivitamins, fish oil capsules, minerals, and trace elements (three months before and during the entire study period)
- vegetarians, vegans, food allergies
- dependency on alcohol or drugs
- elite athletes (>10 hours of strenuous physical activity per week)
- simultaneous participation in other clinical studies
- inability (physically or psychologically) to comply with the procedures required by the protocol
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Microalgae I Smoothie with microalgae Smoothie (enriched with Chlorella pyrenoidosa) and standardised background diet (defined menu plans) Microalgae II Smoothie with microalgae Smoothie (enriched with Nannochloropsis salina) and standardised background diet (defined menu plans) Smoothie Smoothie with microalgae Smoothie (without microalgae) and standardised background diet (defined menu plans)
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method EPA concentration in plasma lipids change from baseline after 2 weeks concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in % fatty acid methyl esthers (FAME) in plasma lipids
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method vitamin D change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin D (nmol/l)
lactate dehydrogenase change from baseline after 2 weeks lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in µmol/l\*s
blood lipids change from baseline after 2 weeks total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides in mmol/l
anthropometric data change from baseline after 2 weeks body water, body fat, lean body mass, extracellular mass (ECM), body cell mass (BCM) in %
body mass index change from baseline after 2 weeks body mass index (kg/m2)
blood pressure change from baseline after 2 weeks systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
inflammation marker (blood) change from baseline after 2 weeks high-sensitive c-reactive protein (mg/dl)
homocysteine change from baseline after 2 weeks homocysteine (µmol/l)
holotranscobalamine change from baseline after 2 weeks holotranscobalamine (pmol/l)
glucose (fasting) change from baseline after 2 weeks glucose (fasting) (mmol/l)
insulin (fasting) change from baseline after 2 weeks insulin (fasting) (mU/l)
hemoglobin A1c (fasting) change from baseline after 2 weeks hemoglobin A1c (fasting) (%)
malodialdehyde modified LDL cholesterol change from baseline after 2 weeks malodialdehyde modified LDL cholesterol (U/l)
fatty acid distribution in plasma lipids change from baseline after 2 weeks fatty acid distribution in plasma lipids in % FAME
aspartate transaminase change from baseline after 2 weeks aspartate transaminase (ASAT) in µmol/l\*s
alanine transaminase change from baseline after 2 weeks alanine transaminase (ALAT) in µmol/l\*s
gamma-glutamyltransferase change from baseline after 2 weeks gamma-glutamyltransferase (gGT) in µmol/l\*s
cholinesterase change from baseline after 2 weeks cholinesterase in µmol/l\*s
kalium change from baseline after 2 weeks kalium in mmol/l
calcium change from baseline after 2 weeks calcium in mmol/l
transferrin change from baseline after 2 weeks transferrin (g/l)
ferritin change from baseline after 2 weeks ferritin (µg/l)
iron change from baseline after 2 weeks iron (mg/dl)
vitamin A change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin A (mmol/l)
vitamin E change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin E (µmol/l)
vitamin B1 change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin B1 (nmol/l)
vitamin B6 change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin B6 (nmol/l)
vitamin B12 change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin B12 (pmol/l)
folic acid change from baseline after 2 weeks folic acid (µg/l)
vitamin B2 change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin B2 (µg/l)
vitamin C change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin C (mg/l)
vitamin H change from baseline after 2 weeks vitamin H (ng/l)
iodine (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks iodine (µmol/l)
selenium (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks selenium (µmol/l)
copper (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks copper (µmol/l)
zinc (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks zinc (µmol/l)
manganese (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks manganese (nmol/l)
natrium (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks natrium (mmol/l)
magnesium (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks magnesium (mmol/l)
creatinine (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks creatinine (mmol/24 h)
albumine (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks albumine (mg/l)
uric acid (24 h urine) change from baseline after 2 weeks uric acid (mg/dl)
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Friedrich Schiller University
🇩🇪Jena, Thuringia, Germany