Community Engagement for Early Recognition and Immediate Action in Stroke
- Conditions
- Ischemic Stroke
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Community-based Stroke Awareness Program
- Registration Number
- NCT02301299
- Lead Sponsor
- Northwestern University
- Brief Summary
The investigators plan to develop and adapt a community-partnered intervention using community health promoters ("Stroke Promoters") to deliver messaging regarding stroke symptom awareness and the need for calling 911 after stroke onset. The study investigators will implement this intervention in south side Chicago communities and measure the impact on symptom onset to hospital arrival times and EMS utilization using an interrupted time-series analysis.
- Detailed Description
The CEERIAS community-partnered research project has the following specific aims:
1. To examine personal, community, and cultural barriers to calling 911 after stroke onset and adapt a culturally-tailored intervention for delivery in multi-ethnic communities (African American, Hispanic, non-Hispanic White) surrounding a hospital on the south side of Chicago;
2. To implement a culturally-adapted stroke awareness and action program and monitor its penetration and adoption using the RE-AIM (Reach, Evaluate, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework in multi-ethnic communities on the south side of Chicago; and
3. To assess change in early hospital arrival and EMS use at a intervention hospital before and after the community intervention.
For aim 1, the investigators will explore and identify facilitators and barriers to calling 911 for stroke through focus groups conducted and involving key stakeholders including children and adults, stroke survivors, neighborhood alderman/legislators, spiritual and community leaders, school teachers, and stroke advocacy group members. The CEERIAS team will test and culturally refine our core community-partnered pilot intervention for implementation.
For aim 2, the investigators will identify and train Stroke Promoters from collaborating community organizations on the adapted intervention techniques and messages, provide materials for public dissemination, and evaluate and monitor adoption and implementation in the surrounding communities.
For aim 3, the investigators will perform an interrupted time-series analysis of EMS use and early hospital arrival among stroke patients before and after our intervention in south side Chicago communities. The research team will also compare time trends in EMS use and early hospital arrival for stroke with concurrent control PSCs on the north side of Chicago and PSCs in St. Louis.
If the intervention is successful, the effect will be an increase in EMS use for stroke which will translate into earlier treatment for stroke and reduced death and disability. The CEERIAS results will be generalizable to other urban communities in the US and should be salient to other health emergencies such as heart attack and cardiac arrest.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 1322
- Adults 18 years of age or older
- Hispanic, African American, or Caucasian/White
- Reside within the following Chicago Zip Codes: 60617, 60619, 60620, 60621, 60628, 60629, 06032, 60639, or 60649
- < 18 years old
- Ethnic groups outside our targeted population
- Outside targeted catchment area
Study & Design
- Study Type
- OBSERVATIONAL
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Community-based Stroke Awareness Program Community-based Stroke Awareness Program Neighborhoods in the south side of Chicago surrounding a primary stroke center hospital will be targeted for a community-partnered stroke awareness and action educational campaign. To assess the effectiveness of this intervention, the investigators will monitor early hospital arrival and EMS use for stroke over a 60-month period comparing performance at the primary stroke center hospital using an interrupted time-series analysis.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Utilization for Stroke 5 years; January 2013 to December 2017 Emergency medical services (EMS) utilization (%) was defined as the proportion of stroke patients arriving to the emergency department by EMS, as opposed to private transport/taxi/other from home/scene. Admissions with Chicago Fire Department (CFD) record confirmed EMS arrival were considered as EMS arrival. All others were considered as non-EMS arrival. The effect size is measures a change in slope: percent of participants per month.
Early Arrival After Stroke Onset 5 years; January 2013 to December 2017 Early hospital arrival was defined as the proportion of stroke patients arriving within three hours from symptom onset to intervention hospital. When symptom onset time was unknown or missing, last well-known time was used as symptom onset time. When both symptom onset time and last well-known time were unknown or missing, that admission was treated as late arrival.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Knowledge and Self-efficacy 12 months Specified outcomes were 1) knowledge and attitudes and 2) self-efficacy. The standardized test for assessing knowledge and behavioral intent will be the Stroke Action Test, a validated assessment tool to assess emergency responses to various stroke and non-stroke scenarios. STAT has excellent reliability and takes, on average, 5 minutes to complete. Scores range from 0-100% and are the average correct responses for each of 28 items in the STAT questionnaire. For self-efficacy, we will use the Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly agree) to 4 (strongly disagree) on the following questions based on a previous study: "1. I would not be able to tell if someone is having a stroke; and 2. If I saw someone having a stroke, I would not know what to do." Scores range from 2-8 units on the scale. For STAT, higher values indicate better outcome while for self-efficacy, lower values indicate better outcome.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Northwestern University
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States