Reducing Disparities in Access to Kidney Transplantation (RaDIANT) Regional Study

Completed

• Conditions: End-stage Renal Disease

• Registration Number: NCT02389387
• Lead Sponsor: Emory University

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to facilitate coordination of transplant centers in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia to share kidney transplant referral data in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) who are candidates for kidney transplantation.

Detailed Description

Disparities exist in access to kidney transplantation where poor and minority patients are less likely to access each step of the kidney transplant process. Current national surveillance data does not capture information on transplant referral, and it is unclear to what extent dialysis facility-level factors may influence disparities in access to transplantation. Due to significant variability in the standardized transplant ratios observed at each facility, the investigators hypothesize that there may be facility-related reasons that impact disparities in access to the first step of the kidney transplant process -- referral to the transplant center to undergo an evaluation for the suitability for transplant.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2015-03
• Study First Submitted: 2015-03-10
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-03-16
• Study First Posted: 2015-03-17
• Primary Completion: 2020-06-30
• Study Completion: 2021-06-30
• Status Verified: 2024-05
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-05-17
• Last Update Posted: 2024-05-20

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 440

Inclusion Criteria

1. Kidney transplant centers in the geographic area of North Carolina (NC), South Carolina (SC) and Georgia (GA)
2. Low rates of referral for kidney transplantation (6-month crude referral risk mean of 0.06 and all facilities with a crude referral risk less than the mean)
3. The presence of a racial disparity (African American vs. Caucasian) in referrals for kidney transplantation (racial disparity calculated based on the crude referral risk difference and the standardized referral risk difference.)

The final pool of 440 facilities will be randomized to either the intervention or control group using a one to one ratio.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Close out date populated
2. Transplant and hospital-based facility
3. Home dialysis facility
4. Patient census <25
5. >100 miles from nearest transplant center
6. Non-profit facility (except Wake Forest University Dialysis)

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in Referral Disparity from baseline	Baseline, one year after completion of the intervention	Assessed by referral disparity ratio: percentage of African American patients over percentage of white patients referred (%AA referred/%white referred) to compare across intervention and control facilities at baseline and one year after completion of the intervention. This is a facility level outcome.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in number of referrals between Control and Experimental patients from baseline	Baseline, 6 months after referral, one year after referral	Number of individual-patient referrals within 1 year of dialysis start, medical evaluation start within 6 months among those referred, and waitlisting within 1 year among those who start evaluation, among experimental vs. control patients.
Change in medical evaluation start racial disparity and waitlisting racial disparity	Baseline, 6 months after referral, one year after the start of medical evaluation	Assessed by the racial disparity ratio (%AA/%white) by facility group (control or experimental) for medical evaluation start within 6 months of referral and placement on the waitlist within 1 year of initiating the medical evaluation. This is a facility level outcome.