Relationship Between Central Sensitization and Kinesiophobia in Knee Osteoarthritis

Completed

• Conditions: Kinesiophobia; Knee Osteoarthritis; Central Sensitisation
• Interventions: Diagnostic Test: Pressure Algometer

• Registration Number: NCT06336278
• Lead Sponsor: Selda Sarıkaya

Brief Summary

Objective: The knee joint is one of most common locations in OA. In recent years, it has been accepted that there are different pain phenotypes and patient subgroups in knee OA and that central sensitization (CS) mechanisms are at the forefront in some patients. It is also known that fear of movement, known as kinesiophobia, develops in patients with chronic pain. The aim of this study is to investigate CS and kinesiophobia in patients with knee OA, their relationships with each other, and their effects on pain intensity, functional status, pain catastrophizing and depression.

Materials and Methods: Forty-two patients with knee OA and 42 healthy subjects participated in our study. Demographic data, body mass index, habits, comorbidities, medications of participants and disease duration and radiographic grade of knee OA patients were recorded. VAS was used to assess the severity of pain and WOMAC was used to assess pain and functional status in patients with OA. Algometer (pressure pain threshold measurement) and Central Sensitization Inventory were used to evaluate central sensitization in all participants. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was measured at 3 different points: knee joint, cruris and forearm. The presence of kinesiophobia was assessed with the Tampa Scale af Kinesiophobia (TSK). Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to assess chronic pain related symptoms.

Detailed Description

Forty-two patients with knee OA and 42 healthy subjects participated in our study. Demographic data, body mass index, habits, comorbidities, medications of participants and disease duration and radiographic grade of knee OA patients were recorded. VAS was used to assess the severity of pain and WOMAC was used to assess pain and functional status in patients with OA. Algometer (pressure pain threshold measurement) and Central Sensitization Inventory were used to evaluate central sensitization in all participants. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was measured at 3 different points: knee joint, cruris and forearm. The presence of kinesiophobia was assessed with the Tampa Scale af Kinesiophobia (TSK). Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to assess chronic pain related symptoms.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2022-10-01
• Primary Completion: 2023-10-01
• Study Completion: 2023-12-01
• Study First Submitted: 2024-03-19
• Study First Submitted QC: 2024-03-26
• Study First Posted: 2024-03-28
• Status Verified: 2024-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-04-19
• Last Update Posted: 2024-04-22

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 84

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Knee Osteoarthritis	Pressure Algometer	Patients who have knee pain at least 6 months, 45-75 years old, kellgren-lawrence grade 1-3
Control	Pressure Algometer	Subjects who have not knee pain, 45-75 years old

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Central Sensitization	Day 1	Central Sensitization Inventory was used to evaluate central sensitization. Minimum value is 0 , maximum value is 100. Higher values means worse outcomes.
Pain Pressure Treshold	Day 1	Algometer was used to detect pressure pain threshold. Higher scores mean better outcomes.
Kinesiophobia	Day 1	The presence of kinesiophobia was assessed with Tampa Scale af Kinesiophobia. Minimum value is 17 , maximum value is 68. Higher values means worse outcomes.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Visuel Analog Scala	Day 1	Visuel Analog Scala was used to assess pain intensity. Patients' pain (0=no pain, 10=intolerable pain) on a 100 mm horizontal line. The marked value was recorded in millimeters.
Western Ontario and McMaster Universitesies Osteoarthritis Index	Day 1	Pain and functional status of the patients included in our study assessment was performed using this index, consists of a total of three subscales and 24 questions, each question is scored between 0 and 4 (0=none, 4=very severe). Minimum value is 0, maximum value is 100. Higher scores indicate an increase in pain and stiffness and a decline in physical function.
Depression	Day 1	Beck Depression Inventory was used to assess depression. Minimum value is 0 , maximum value is 63. Higher values means worse outcomes.
Pain Catastrophizing	Day 1	Pain Catastrophizing Scale was used to assess chronic pain related symptoms. Minimum value is 0 , maximum value is 52. Higher values means worse outcomes.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit Universitiy; 🇹🇷 Zonguldak, Turkey