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Supplemental Screening for Women With Extremely Dense Breast Tissue: the DENSE-2 Trial

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Breast Cancer
Interventions
Diagnostic Test: Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM)
Diagnostic Test: Abbreviated MRI (AB-MRI)
Registration Number
NCT06636370
Lead Sponsor
C.H. van Gils
Brief Summary

Women with extremely dense breasts (nearly all glandular and connective tissue, little fatty tissue) have a 3-6 times higher risk of breast cancer than women with very low breast density. Moreover, due to the masking effect of the dense tissue, any breast tumours present are more difficult to detect in these women. With the results of the DENSE trial, the investigators showed that among women with extremely dense breasts, a combination of MRI and mammography could detect tumours earlier than mammography only. As the implementation of MRI in the screening program induces considerable costs and capacity requirements, the Dutch Ministry of Health would like to investigate whether cheaper and acceptable alternatives can be implemented more easily. In the DENSE-2 study, proposed here, we will investigate contrast-enhanced mammography and an abbreviated form of MRI as alternatives, in a large-scale randomized trial, within the current population-based screening program.

Detailed Description

Women with extremely dense breast tissue have a higher risk of developing breast cancer and at the same time, mammography has limited value for these women. Currently, these women are not offered supplemental screening. Therefore, the investigators of the DENSE-2 trial will study supplemental CEM and AB-MRI screening in women with extremely dense breast tissue within the population-based breast cancer screening program because these modalities are expected to have higher diagnostic accuracy than tomosynthesis and ultrasound. In addition, these modalities are expected to be less expensive and require less capacity than a full MRI protocol as examined in the DENSE trial. For both CEM and AB-MRI, no results are currently available from a prospective screening study. The DENSE-2 trial is a randomized controlled trial comparing two intervention arms (CEM \[intervention arm A\] and abbreviated MRI \[intervention arm B\]) each with mammography \[control arm C\].

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
36000
Inclusion Criteria
  • Participant in the Dutch population-based breast cancer screening program with a negative mammography result (BI-RADS classification 1 or 2).
  • Extremely dense breast tissue (assessed with Quantra software, category D).
  • Age between 49-72 years (women are invited to the Dutch screening program in the year they turn 50, so the minimum age is 49 years. The maximum age for inclusion is 72 years to ensure that women can still participate in a second round of supplemental screening).
  • Living in the service area (travel distance of up to 60 km) of the 15 participating hospitals.
  • Absence of breast implants (Quantra cannot provide an accurate density determination for breasts with implants).
  • No objection to data sharing.
  • Not a participant in the DENSE trial or STREAM trial (participants in the DENSE and STREAM trials are known to the Dutch screening organization).
Exclusion Criteria

The additional exclusion criteria for the intervention arms are checked after randomization and recruitment (this order is due to the pre-randomization design):

  • Presence of in-body metals (only for AB-MRI, this involves specific metals and is asked by telephone).
  • Previous allergic reaction to the provided contrast agent.
  • Renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min) (only for CEM, is checked for with questionnaire I and possibly renal function measurement).
  • Severe claustrophobia (only for AB-MRI).
  • Severe obesity (weight >150 kg) (only for AB-MRI).

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Contrast-enhanced Mammography (CEM)Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM)This group receives supplemental screening with CEM after a negative mammography result in the Dutch National Breast Cancer screening program
Abbreviated MRI (AB-MRI)Abbreviated MRI (AB-MRI)This group receives supplemental screening with AB-MRI after a negative mammography result in the Dutch National Breast Cancer Screening program
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Interval Cancer Rate0 - 3 year

Measured as a breast cancer diagnosed in between two screening rounds

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Referral rate0-5 years

Per 1000 women screened per screening modality

Mortality rate0-5 year

Simulation with MISCAN software

Estimated rate of overdiagnosis0-5 years

Simulation with the MISCAN software

Cost-effectiveness0-5 year

Simulation with the MISCAN software

Breast tumor size0-5 years

mm

Breast tumor stage0-5 years

TNM classification

Positive Predictive Value (PPV)0-5 year

Using the histological diagnosis as the reference test

Biopsy rate0-5 year

Per 1000 women screened with one of the modalities

Cancer detection rate0 - 3 year

The number of breast cancers detected by CEM or AB-MRI

False positive rate0-5 year

The number with a false positive result after CEM or AB-MRI

Participant experience with CEM - 10-5 year

screen-specific item questionnaire (SSI)

Participant experience with CEM - 20-5 year

Self-developed questionnaire

Participant experience with CEM - 30-5 year

Focus group interviews

Participant experience with AB-MRI - 10-5 year

screen-specific item questionnaire (SSI)

Participant experience with AB-MRI - 20-5 year

Self-developed questionnaire

Participant experience with AB-MRI - 30-5 year

Focus group interviews

Health-professional experience with CEM0-5 year

Self-developed questionnaire

Health-professional experience with AB-MRI0-5 year

Self-developed questionnaire

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

UMC Utrecht

🇳🇱

Utrecht, Netherlands

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