Physical Activity, Dietary Intake and Bone Status in 6-12 Years Children
- Conditions
- Bone Status
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Dietary IntakeBehavioral: physical activity level
- Registration Number
- NCT03695328
- Lead Sponsor
- Democritus University of Thrace
- Brief Summary
Peak bone mass acquisition through childhood and adolescence has been associated with lower risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in the elderly. The main factors that influence bone mass are the non-modifiable, such as genetics, ethnicity and sex, and the modifiable ones which are nutrition and physical activity or exercise. In the literature are references that demonstrates positive effects of high physical activity, adequate intakes of macro- and micronutrients on bone mass both in adults and in children. Bone mineralization is more adaptive in childrens' growing bones and this is an opportunity for stronger effects by mechanical stimuli during physical activity. The presence of a diet complete of nutrient intakes seems to strengthen the effects of mechanical loads on bone growth and mineralization. The present trial aimed to evaluate the effects of physical activity and nutrition intakes on bone mass in pre-pubertal children.
- Detailed Description
The sample of this study was healthy pre-pubertal boys and girls (N=210) who had training age 0-1 years. Data collection included anthropometric measurements, blood sampling, body composition, bone measurements and physical performance measurements. Nutritional intake was recorded for seven consecutive days in order to evaluate nutrient intakes using an appropriate software and habitual physical activity was measured for the same days using accelerometers. Pubertal stage determined by Tanner scale. All measurements were made only once at the beginning of school year.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 210
- were 6-12 years and pre-pubertal
- were healthy and had no prior bone fractures or related surgical operation
- their body fat was <30%, e) had no history of growth irregularities
- were not receiving agents or drugs that affect bone tissue (e.g. Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonists, antiresorptive, bisphosphonates, etc.)
- had prior bone fractures or related surgical operation
- their body fat was >30%
- had history of growth irregularities
- were receiving agents or drugs that affect bone tissue (e.g. GnRH agonists, antiresorptive, bisphosphonates, etc.)
Study & Design
- Study Type
- OBSERVATIONAL
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description dietary intake Dietary Intake Childrens' 24th dietary recalls for 7 days analyzed for protein, calcium, vitamin D and phosphorus intake and they categorized according the RDAs above or below them. physical activity level physical activity level Children categorized either in the group with moderate to vigorous physical activity or in the group with low physical activity according the accelerometer's measures
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Whole body bone mineral density 1 day (Once) Measured by Dual-X-ray Absoroptiometry
Cardiovascular endurance 1 day (Once) 20m shuttle run test
Body composition 1 day (Once) Measured by Dual-X-ray Absoroptiometry and skinfolds
Muscular strength 1 day (Once) Handgrip strength
Flexibility 1 day (Once) Sit and reach test
Hips bone mineral density 1 day (Once) Measured by Dual-X-ray Absoroptiometry
Whole body mineral content 1 day (Once) Measured by Dual-X-ray Absoroptiometry
Lumbar spine bone mineral content 1 day (Once) Measured by Dual-X-ray Absoroptiometry
Hips bone mineral content 1 day (Once) Measured by Dual-X-ray Absoroptiometry
Lumbar spine bone mineral density 1 day (Once) Measured by Dual-X-ray Absoroptiometry
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Serum calcium 1 day (Once) Measured in blood smaples
Sclerostin 1 day (Once) Measured in blood samples with an appropriate kit
Serum vitamin D 1 day (Once) Measured in blood smaples
Pubertal Stage 1 day (Once) Evaluated with Tanner Stage protocol