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Non-surgical Mechanical Therapy of Peri-implantitis With or Without Adjunctive Diode Laser Application

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Peri-Implantitis
Interventions
Device: Sham Diode laser
Device: Diode laser application
Registration Number
NCT04565886
Lead Sponsor
University of Bern
Brief Summary

Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and progressive loss of supporting bone. The goals of peri-implantitis treatment is the resolution of peri-implant soft tissue inflammation and stabilization of the bony attachment (e.g., the level of osseointegration). For this decontamination of the implant surface is mandatory. In order to increase implant surface decontamination, several adjunctive tools have been proposed and investigated both in pre-clinical and clinical studies such as the use of photodynamic therapy and lasers. So far, no data are available to clearly demonstrate the efficacy of the adjunctive use of a diode laser in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Therefore, the aim of the present randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to investigate the adjunctive effect of the application of a diode laser to treat peri-implantitis lesions by means of a non-surgical approach. A total of 30 patients is randomly allocated to two groups. The test group receives 3 x nonsurgical mechanical treatment with diode laser application whereas the control group receives the same treatment with sham laser application. The primary outcome is the peri-implant pocket probing depth at 12 months.

Detailed Description

Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and progressive loss of supporting bone. Peri-implantitis is a disease with increasing incidence that, if left untreated, leads to implant loss. The etiological factors of peri-implant infections are similar to those involved in periodontal diseases. Consequently, the goals of peri-implantitis treatment must be the resolution of peri-implant soft tissue inflammation and stabilization of the bony attachment (e.g., the level of osseointegration). This can only be achieved under the condition that the majority of bacterial biofilms and hard deposits are eliminated on the implant surface to create a biologically acceptable surface conducive to wound healing. Decontamination of the implant surface is mandatory to resolve the inflammatory process and to establish healthy peri-implant tissues. To increase implant surface decontamination, several adjunctive tools have been proposed and investigated both in pre-clinical and clinical studies such as the use of photodynamic therapy and lasers. So far, no data are available to clearly demonstrate the efficacy of the adjunctive use of a diode laser in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Therefore, the aim of the present randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to investigate the adjunctive effect of the application of a diode laser to treat peri-implantitis lesions by means of a non-surgical approach. A total of 30 patients is randomly allocated to two groups. The test group receives 3 x nonsurgical mechanical treatment with diode laser application whereas the control group receives the same treatment with sham laser application. The primary outcome is the mean peri-implant pocket probing depth (PPD) at 12 months. The secondary endpoints are:

* Change at deepest PPD (mm)

* Change in probing attachment level (PAL) (mm)

* Change in the % of implants with BoP / SUP

* Mean radiographic bone fill (mm) at mesial and distal sites

* Change in width of keratinized mucosa (KM) (mm)

* Change in microbial samples composition at 6 and 12 months

* Changes in patients' related outcomes measures (PROMs) by means of a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (range: 0-10)

* Change in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) composition

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
30
Inclusion Criteria
  • systemically healthy patients enrolled in regular supportive periodontal therapy (SPT)
  • Tissue level (TL) implants with an SLA surface supporting single-unit crowns (SUCs) or fixed dental prostheses (FDPs)
  • Pocket Probing Depth (PPD) > 5 mm
  • Presence of BoP and /or SU
  • Radiographic evidence of crestal bone loss ≤ 2mm based on periapical radiographs after delivery of the final restoration
  • Cleansable cemented or screw-retained restoration
  • Presence of at least 2 mm of keratinized and attached mucosa (KM)
  • Signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Systemic diseases that could interfere with the treatment outcome (e.g. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, chemotherapy, etc.)
  • Previous peri-implantitis treatment
  • Full-Mouth Plaque Score (FMPS) > 25%
  • Full-Mouth Bleeding Score (FMBS) > 25%
  • Cigarette smoking > 10 cig./day
  • Removable implant-supported restorations
  • Implant mobility

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
controlSham Diode laserNon-surgical mechanical instrumentation 3x. Each time the laser will be held in place but will not be activated.
laserDiode laser applicationNon-surgical mechanical instrumentation 3x with adjunctive diode laser application according to the protocol of the Department of Periodontology, University of Bern
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in peri-implant pocket probing depth (PPD)at 12 months

the difference between baseline PPD and PPD after 12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in the % of implants with BoP / SUPat 12 months

Difference between baseline and final BoP

Change in probing attachment level (PAL) (mm)at 12 months

Difference of attachment level from baseline to 12 months

Changes in patients' related outcomes measures (PROMs) by means of a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (range: 0-10)at 12 months
Change at deepest PPD (mm)at 12 months

Difference of baseline and final PPD of the deepest measurment

Change in microbial samples compositionat 6 and 12 months
Mean radiographic bone fill (mm) at mesial and distal sitesat 12 months

the distance from the implant shoulder to the bone crest

Change in width of keratinized mucosa (KM) (mm)at 12 months

the difference between the baseline and final amount of KM

Change in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) compositionat 12 months

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Periodontology, University of Bern

🇨🇭

Bern, Switzerland

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