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Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Critical Illness: Role of Systemic Inflammation and GLP-1

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Hypoglycaemia
Interventions
Drug: Placebo (Saline)
Drug: TNF-alfa
Other: OGTT
Other: IVGTT
Registration Number
NCT01347801
Lead Sponsor
Rigshospitalet, Denmark
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the role of inflammation and the insulin regulating hormone GLP-1 during critical illness.

Detailed Description

Critically ill patients often exhibit hyperglycaemia. Although the cause of this hyperglycaemia is probably multifactorial, peripheral insulin resistance is a major contributor, similar to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). There are several similarities between critical illness and T2D, including the presence of systemic inflammation and increased plasma free fatty acids (FFA), all of which may induce insulin resistance in healthy volunteers. In critical illness, elevated catecholamines, cortisol, growth hormone and glucagon may also contribute to insulin resistance.

The degree of hyperglycaemia correlates with mortality in ICU patients. van den Berghe et al. found that IV infusion of insulin to obtain strict normoglycaemia reduced mortality as well as morbidity in critically ill surgical patients and in some medical ICU patients.

However, insulin increases the risk of hypoglycaemia; this is a major obstacle to strict euglycaemia in ICU patients and may explain the inability of others to reproduce the benefits reported by van den Berghe et al. Thus, alternatives to insulin for controlling plasma glucose (PG) in ICU patients are warranted.

Aim:

To study the role of the incretin hormone, glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 for glycaemic, metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory profile in

* critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and

* healthy volunteers exposed to a standardised systemic inflammation

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Male
Target Recruitment
40
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
CROSSOVER
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
2C - 1OGTTTNF and OGTT and saline
2A-1Placebo (Saline)Saline infusion and OGTT
2A-3OGTTTNF and OGTT
2C - 2TNF-alfaTNF and OGTT and GLP-1
2C - 2OGTTTNF and OGTT and GLP-1
2C - 3TNF-alfaTNF and IVGTT and saline
2A-4TNF-alfaTNF and IVGTT
2C - 2GLP-1TNF and OGTT and GLP-1
2C - 4IVGTTTNF and IVGTT and GLP-1
2C - 1Placebo (Saline)TNF and OGTT and saline
2C - 1TNF-alfaTNF and OGTT and saline
2C - 4GLP-1TNF and IVGTT and GLP-1
2A-1OGTTSaline infusion and OGTT
2A-3TNF-alfaTNF and OGTT
2A-4IVGTTTNF and IVGTT
1CIVGTTOGTT and corresponding IVGTT
2C - 3IVGTTTNF and IVGTT and saline
2C - 4TNF-alfaTNF and IVGTT and GLP-1
1COGTTOGTT and corresponding IVGTT
2C - 3Placebo (Saline)TNF and IVGTT and saline
2A-2Placebo (Saline)Saline and IVGTT
2A-2IVGTTSaline and IVGTT
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Substudy 2C (12 Healthy volunteers): GLP-16 weeks after intervention

Increased plasma insulin and C-peptide (intact insulinotropic effect of GLP-1) during GLP-1 infusion in healthy volunteers.

Substudy 2A (12 Healthy volunteers): Insulin, C-peptide and incretin hormone response6 weeks after intervention

Insulin, c-peptide and incretin hormone response to glucose stimulation during standardized systemic inflammation (TNF infusion) compared to placebo (saline infusion)

Substudy 1C(8 patients, 8 healthy controls): Insulin, C-peptide and incretin hormone response6 weeks after intervention

Insulin, c-peptide and incretin hormone response to glucose stimulation during IVGTT compared to OGTT in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Substudy 2C (12 Healthy volunteers): Clamp6 weeks after intervention

Enhanced insulin response (AUC) and reduced difference between the AUC obtained during OGTT and IGGTT (reduced endogenous incretin effect) during an isoglycaemic intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in healthy volunteers receiving TNF-infusion.

Substudy 2A (12 Healthy volunteers): The incretin effect6 weeks after intervention

The difference between the plasma insulin AUC obtained during OGTT and IVGTT (endogenous incretin effect).

Substudy 1C (8 patients, 8 healthy controls): The incretin effect6 weeks after intervention

The difference between the plasma insulin AUC obtained during OGTT and IVGTT (endogenous incretin effect)in non-diabetic critically ill patients admitted to the ICU.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism - Rigshospitalet 7641

🇩🇰

Copenhagen, Denmark

University of Copenhagen

🇩🇰

Copenhagen, Denmark

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