Pharmacogenetic Testing Among Home Health Patients

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Adverse Drug Reactions; Cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 Enzyme Deficiency; Cytochrome P450 CYP2C19 Enzyme Deficiency; Cytochrome P450 CYP3A Enzyme Deficiency; Adverse Drug Events; Drug Metabolism, Poor, CYP2D6-RELATED; Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Deficiency; Poor Metabolizer Due to Cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 Variant; Poor Metabolizer Due to Cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 Variant; Drug Interaction Potentiation
• Interventions: Genetic: Pharmacogenetic testing

• Registration Number: NCT02378220
• Lead Sponsor: Genelex Corporation

Brief Summary

Patients meeting eligibility criteria will be randomized into two groups, one receiving pharmacogenetic testing and the other not receiving pharmacogenetic testing. In this open-label trial, a pharmacist will make medication therapy recommendations using YouScript® Personalized Prescribing System for patients who receive genetic testing and standard drug information resources per usual for patients who do not undergo pharmacogenetic testing.

Detailed Description

Both groups will be followed for 60 days. The number of re-hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits will be recorded as well as time to first re-hospitalization and time to first ED visit. Select Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) metrics (e.g. M1034, M1242, M1710, M1720, M1745, M2110) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 will be evaluated and documented at time of admission to home health, at 30 days, and at 60 days for improvement in overall status, pain, confusion, anxiety, depression, disruptive behavior, and the need for assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). The number of falls will be collected as well as the proportion of YouScript® recommendations accepted by study pharmacist and passed on to clinicians and the proportion of recommendations accepted by clinicians.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2015-02-24
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-02-27
• Study Start: 2015-03
• Study First Posted: 2015-03-04
• Primary Completion: 2016-02
• Study Completion: 2016-03
• Results First Submitted: 2017-02-27
• Results First Submitted QC: 2018-07-31
• Results First Posted: 2018-08-29
• Status Verified: 2019-09
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-09-18
• Last Update Posted: 2019-09-20

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 110

Inclusion Criteria

• Age 50 or older.
• Willing and able to provide informed consent for study participation either directly or by a legally authorized representative (LAR).
• Presently taking or beginning treatment with at least one of the following oral forms of medication (excluding medications taken PRN) (generic name given with major U.S. brand name given in parentheses). These medications are subject to significant drug-gene interactions as defined by FDA boxed warning, FDA cautionary labeling, clinical literature or a YouScript® algorithm-predicted significant effect: Amitriptyline (Elavil), Aripiprazole (Abilify), Atomoxetine (Strattera), Carvedilol (Coreg), Celecoxib (Celebrex), Citalopram (Celexa), Clobazam (Onfi), Clomipramine (Anafranil), Clopidogrel (Plavix), Clozapine (Clozaril), Codeine [Tylenol #3 (combo)], Desipramine (Norpramin), Dextromethorphan (Delsym), Diazepam (Valium), Doxepin (Sinequan), Escitalopram (Lexapro), Esomeprazole (Nexium), Fesoterodine (Toviaz), Flecainide (Tambocor), Fluoxetine (Prozac), Flurbiprofen (Ansaid), Fluvoxamine (Luvox), Haloperidol (Haldol), Hydrocodone , Ibuprofen (Motrin), Iloperidone (Fanapt), Imipramine (Tofranil), Indomethacin (Indocin), Meloxicam (Mobic), Metoprolol (Toprol XL), Mexiletine (Mexitil), Nortriptyline (Pamelor), Omeprazole (Prilosec), Oxycodone (Oxycontin), Paroxetine (Paxil), Perphenazine (Trilafon), Phenobarbital (Luminal), Phenytoin (Dilantin), Pimozide (Orap), Piroxicam (Feldene), Proguanil [(Malarone (combo)], Propafenone (Rythmol), Propranolol (Inderal), Risperidone (Risperdal), Sertraline (Zoloft), Tetrabenazine (Xenazine), Thioridazine (Mellaril), Timolol (Apotimol), Tolterodine (Detrol), Torsemide (Demadex), Tramadol (Ultram), Trimipramine (Surmontil), Venlafaxine (Effexor), Voriconazole (Vfend), Vortioxetine (Brintellix), Warfarin (Coumadin).

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Exclusion Criteria

• Previous CYP testing (CPT codes 81225, 81226, 81227, 81355, 81401)
• History of organ transplant (199.2; 238.77; 414.06; 414.07; 996.80-996.89; E878.0; V42.0-V42.7; V42.81-V42.84; V42.89; V42.9; V45.87; V49.83; V58.44)
• Current malabsorption syndrome (579.0), including the following: Intestinal malabsorption (579.8, 579.9), Postoperative malabsorption (579.3), or Short bowel syndrome (579.3)
• Treatment of invasive solid tumors or hematologic malignancies in the last year, excluding in situ cancers or non-melanoma skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma)
• End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
• Persistent acute renal failure: complete loss of kidney function >4 weeks (requiring dialysis)
• Renal failure by: Glomerular filtration rater (GFR): SCr > 3 times baseline or GFR decreased 75% or SCr ≥4 mg/dL; acute rise ≥0.5 mg/dL; OR Urine Output (UO): UO < 0.3 mL/kg/h 24 h (oliguria) or anuria 12 h.

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Intervention ("tested")	Pharmacogenetic testing	Patients in the "tested" group will receive pharmacogenetic testing via YouScript® Personalized Prescribing System. The study pharmacist will review drug-drug interactions (DDI), drug-gene interactions (DGI), and drug-drug-gene interactions (DDGI) using YouScript® to provide drug therapy recommendations to prescribers.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Re-hospitalizations at 30 and 60 Days	30 days, 60 days post discharge	The primary outcomes included the number of re-hospitalizations at 30 and 60 days.
The Primary Outcomes Included the Number of Emergency Department Visits at 30 and 60 Days.	30 days, 60 days post discharge	Assessed the number of Emergency Department visits at 30 and 60 days post discharge with pharmacogenetic testing and YouScript® Personalized Prescribing system.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Overall Status as Measured by Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) Scale	30 days, 60 days post discharge	We assessed the impact of genetic testing on overall status according to OASIS M1034 at 30 and 60 days post discharge. OASIS measures various data items to assess home health care quality and performance. OASIS M1034, one data point in the OASIS system, measures overall patient status on a scale of 0 to 3, with a lower score indicating better overall status.
Activities of Daily Living as Measured by OASIS Scale	30 days, 60 days post discharge	We assessed the impact of genetic testing on the frequency of activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) assistance according to OASIS M2110 at 30 and 60 days post discharge. OASIS measures various data items to assess home health care quality and performance. OASIS M2110, one data point in the OASIS system, measures frequency of receiving ADL/IADL assistance on a scale of 0 to 5, with a lower score indicating less frequent assistance.
Number of Falls as Measured by Tabulation	60 days	To assess whether YouScript® testing decreases falls
Number of Clinician-accepted of Recommendations as Measured by Tabulation	60 days	To assess the proportion of study pharmacist recommendations acted on by clinicians.
Time to 1st Re-hospitalization	30 days, 60 days	To assess time to first re-hospitalization, we compared the exploratory time-to-event outcomes between the tested and untested groups at 30 days and 60 days. These outcomes were measured using cumulative percentage events at 30 and 60 days, referring to the percentage of subjects re-hospitalized before or at 30 and 60 days.
Time to 1st Emergency Department Visit	30 days, 60 days	To assess time to first emergency department visit, we compared the exploratory time-to-event outcomes (time to 1st ED visit) between the tested and untested groups at 30 days and 60 days. These outcomes were measured using cumulative percentage events at 30 and 60 days, referring to the percentage of subjects who visited the emergency department before or at 30 and 60 days.
Pain as Measured by OASIS Scale	30 days, 60 days post discharge	We assessed the impact of genetic testing on patient pain frequency according to OASIS M1242 at 30 and 60 days post discharge. OASIS measures various data items to assess home health care quality and performance. OASIS M1242, one data point in the OASIS system, measures patient pain frequency on a scale of 0 to 4, with a lower score indicating less frequent pain.
Confusion as Measured by OASIS Scale	30 days, 60 days post discharge	We assessed the impact of genetic testing on frequency of confusion according to OASIS M1710 at 30 and 60 days post discharge. OASIS measures various data items to assess home health care quality and performance. OASIS M1710, one data point in the OASIS system, measures patient confusion frequency on a scale of 0 to 4, with a lower score indicating less frequent confusion.
Anxiety as Measured by OASIS Scale	30 days, 60 days post discharge	We assessed the impact of genetic testing on frequency of anxiety according to OASIS M1720 at 30 and 60 days post discharge. OASIS measures various data items to assess home health care quality and performance. OASIS M1720, one data point in the OASIS system, measures patient confusion frequency on a scale of 0 to 3, with a lower score indicating less frequent confusion.
Depression as Measured by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 Scale	30 days, 60 days post discharge	We assessed the impact of genetic testing on frequency of depressive mood according to PHQ-2 at 30 and 60 days post discharge. PHQ-2 evaluates patient depression by assessing two factors: frequency of little interest or pleasure in doing things and frequency of feeling down, depressed, or hopeless. This outcome measure assessed the second factor, frequency of feeling down or depressed. The scale for this factor ranges from 0 to 3, with a lower score represented less frequent depressive feelings.
Disruptive Behavior as Measured by OASIS Scale	30 days, 60 days post discharge	We assessed the impact of genetic testing on frequency of disruptive behavior according to OASIS M1745 at 30 and 60 days post discharge. OASIS measures various data items to assess home health care quality and performance. OASIS M1745, one data point in the OASIS system, measures frequency of disruptive behavior by patient on a scale of 0 to 5, with a lower score indicating less frequent disruptive behavior.
Number of Pharmacist-accepted of Recommendations as Measured by Tabulation	60 days	To assess the proportion of YouScript® Personalized Prescribing System recommendations accepted by the study pharmacist and passed on to clinicians.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

White County Medical Center Home Health; 🇺🇸 Searcy, Arkansas, United States