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Improving Pain and Reducing Opioid Use (IPaRO) in Lumbar Spine Surgery Patients

Early Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Lumbar Spinal Instability
Lumbar Spine Degeneration
Interventions
Drug: Standard analgesia use [Oxygen]
Drug: Multi-modal pain management [Acetaminophen + Gabapentin]
Drug: Standard analgesia use [Hydromorphone]
Drug: Multi-modal pain management [Fentanyl]
Drug: Standard analgesia use [Volatile Anesthesia]
Drug: Multi-modal pain management [Intravenous Ketamine]
Drug: Standard analgesia use [Fentanyl]
Drug: Multi-modal pain management [Valium + Gabapentin]
Registration Number
NCT03088306
Lead Sponsor
Johns Hopkins University
Brief Summary

Patients presenting for lumbar spine surgery experience pain related to their spine condition. Following surgery, these patients also experience surgical pain resulting from disruption of skin, muscle tissue, vertebrae, intervertebral discs, and facet joints. This pain is often treated with opioid medications - with roughly 40% of patient experiencing sub-optimal pain management. Adequate pain control has become a top priority among professional societies, healthcare systems, and accrediting agencies. The current proposal will provide this critical evidence of feasibility and acceptability of a multi-modal pain management plan for patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Additionally, this study will provide critical preliminary data to compare the effectiveness of protocol-driven multi-modal pain management to control post-operative pain, reduce opioid medication use, and improve physical activity, sleep, and health.

Detailed Description

Patients presenting for lumbar spine surgery experience pain related to their spine condition. Following surgery, these patients also experience surgical pain resulting from disruption of skin, muscle tissue, vertebrae, intervertebral discs, and facet joints. Proper pain management is necessary to reduce pain-related and medication side effects and to promote rehabilitation. This pain is often treated with opioid medications - with roughly 40% of patient experiencing sub-optimal pain management. Adequate pain control has become a top priority among professional societies, healthcare systems, and accrediting agencies.

Multi-modal pain management strategies have been proposed to (1) control pre-operative pain related to spine pathology; (2) employ non-opioid medication peri-operatively to pre-empt post-operative surgical pain; and (3) monitor and control pain intensity before and after surgery. There is a demonstrated lack of evidence regarding optimal post-operative protocols and pathways. The investigators have planned a randomized clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of two methods of peri-operative pain management to reduce post-operative pain and opioid use among patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.

Prior to submission to National Institutes of Health (NIH), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), or Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), it is necessary to demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of the trial protocol. The current proposal will provide this critical evidence of feasibility and acceptability of a multi-modal pain management plan for patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Additionally, this study will provide critical preliminary data to compare the effectiveness of protocol-driven multi-modal pain management to control post-operative pain, reduce opioid medication use, and improve physical activity, sleep, and health.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
49
Inclusion Criteria
  • Eligible participants will be English-speaking adults who are presenting to a spine surgeon (orthopaedic or neurosurgeon) for surgical treatment of a lumbar degenerative condition (spinal stenosis, spondylosis with or without myelopathy, and degenerative spondylolisthesis) using laminectomy with or without arthrodesis (i.e. fusion).
Exclusion Criteria
  • A microsurgical technique as the primary procedure, such as an isolated laminotomy or microdiscectomy.
  • Spinal deformity as the primary indication for surgery.
  • Spine surgery secondary to pseudarthrosis, trauma, infection, or tumor.
  • Back and/or lower extremity pain < 3 months indicating no history of sub-acute or chronic pain.
  • History of neurological disorder or disease, resulting in moderate to severe movement dysfunction.
  • Presence of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder.
  • Patient refusal to participate.
  • Known allergic reactions to any of the study medications
  • Surgery under a workman's compensation claim.
  • Not able to return to clinic for standard follow-up visits with surgeon.
  • Unable to provide a stable address and access to a telephone.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Standard analgesia useStandard analgesia use [Oxygen]A strategy to manage pain in the peri-operative period that is in common clinical use.
Standard analgesia useStandard analgesia use [Hydromorphone]A strategy to manage pain in the peri-operative period that is in common clinical use.
Standard analgesia useStandard analgesia use [Volatile Anesthesia]A strategy to manage pain in the peri-operative period that is in common clinical use.
Standard analgesia useStandard analgesia use [Fentanyl]A strategy to manage pain in the peri-operative period that is in common clinical use.
Multi-modal pain managementMulti-modal pain management [Acetaminophen + Gabapentin]A strategy to manage pain in the peri-operative period that is in common clinical use that is designed to reduce the need for post-operative opioid medication.
Multi-modal pain managementMulti-modal pain management [Fentanyl]A strategy to manage pain in the peri-operative period that is in common clinical use that is designed to reduce the need for post-operative opioid medication.
Multi-modal pain managementMulti-modal pain management [Intravenous Ketamine]A strategy to manage pain in the peri-operative period that is in common clinical use that is designed to reduce the need for post-operative opioid medication.
Multi-modal pain managementMulti-modal pain management [Valium + Gabapentin]A strategy to manage pain in the peri-operative period that is in common clinical use that is designed to reduce the need for post-operative opioid medication.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of participants undergoing lumbar spine surgery with complete follow-up52 week

Number of participants undergoing lumbar spine surgery with complete follow-up

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
PROMIS Anxietyat 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of anxiety; Range 0 - 100; Population mean 50, standard deviation 10

Patient controlled analgesia (PCA) pump useduring surgical hospitalization, up to 12 weeks

Total morphine equivalent of opioids administered by the PCA pump

Opioid medication useup to 90 days

How many patients were prescribed and using opioid medication over the 90 days after hospital discharge?

Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Painat 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of pain intensity; Range 0 - 100; Population mean 50, standard deviation 10

PROMIS Physical Functionat 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of physical function; Range 0 - 100; Population mean 50, standard deviation 10

PROMIS Fatigueat 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of fatigue; Range 0 - 100; Population mean 50, standard deviation 10

PROMIS Depressionat 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of depression; Range 0 - 100; Population mean 50, standard deviation 10

PROMIS Sleep Disturbanceat 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of sleep disturbance; Range 0 - 100; Population mean 50, standard deviation 10

PROMIS Satisfaction with Social Rolesat 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of satisfaction with social roles; Range 0 - 100; Population mean 50, standard deviation 10

Health status (Medical Outcome Study Short Form 12, version 2)at 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of physical and mental health; Range 0 - 100; Population mean 50, standard deviation 10

Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)at 6 and 12 weeks

Measure of pain-related disability; Range 0% - 100%; Scores greater than 30% indicative of moderate pain-related disability

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

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