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Assessment of Risk Factors for Childhood Obesity and Nutrition Education Intervention on Infant Growth and Development

Conditions
Childhood Obesity
Interventions
Other: Nutrition-based education on infant feeding and practices as well as Non nutrition-based educational message
Other: Non nutrition-based educational message
Registration Number
NCT04047888
Lead Sponsor
The University of The West Indies
Brief Summary

The period from conception to 2 years of age ('first 1000 days') has been recognized as a critical period for long-lasting programming effects on later obesity and associated NCD and a window of opportunity to implement intervention for reducing and treating childhood obesity. However, there is a dearth of prospective intervention studies that address this nutritional problem in Jamaica and there are no reports of sustainable intervention.

Jamaica is a middle income country in which overweight and obesity in children are also increasing at an alarming rate. The investigators in Jamaica are seeking to provide a more comprehensive knowledge on the link between early life nutrition and later childhood health and to assess the impact of an intervention of infant feeding counselling/education in mothers on growth and body composition in their offspring.

Detailed Description

At least 41 million children younger than 5 years are overweight or obese most of whom reside in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC). Obese children tend to remain obese in adulthood predisposing to the huge personal health and economic burden of the non-communicable diseases (NCD).

Several early life factors identified to contribute to development of obesity and adverse metabolic profile; pre-pregnancy underweight and overweight, high weight gain in early pregnancy in addition to inappropriate infant feeding pattern and rapid weight gain in early life have major role.

The aims of the study are:1) to assess intrauterine and postnatal risk factors for childhood obesity in children followed from the second trimester in mother's pregnancy to age 1 year and 2) to assess the impact of a nutrition-based educational intervention on infant feeding, growth and body composition in the first year of life.

This study design is a cluster randomized clinical trial with key outputs being : 1) The use of deuterium dilution method to provide new data on body composition of mothers from during pregnancy and during infancy in addition to obtain accurate measurement of breastmilk intake 2) new data on the relationship between maternal body composition and/or infant body composition and non-communicable disease risk factors; 3) new data on the impact of a nutrition-based educational on infant's growth and body composition.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
152
Inclusion Criteria
  • Women (18-40 years)
  • Women 30 -32 weeks gestation
  • First or second pregnancy
  • Healthy term infants ( > 37 completed weeks)
  • Infants with birthweight >2.5kg)
Exclusion Criteria
  • Pre-gestational diabetes
  • Pre-gestational hypertension
  • Sickle cell disease
  • HIV infection,
  • Psychiatric disorder
  • Gestational diabetes
  • Infants with congenital abnormalities
  • Infants with chromosomal disorders
  • Infants admitted in neonatal period > 48 hours

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Intervention GroupNutrition-based education on infant feeding and practices as well as Non nutrition-based educational messageMothers and children in this group will have measurements, questionnaire administration. The children will have routine child care at their health center and mothers will have a 60 minute nutrition-based and non-nutrition based educational message
Control GroupNon nutrition-based educational messageMothers and babies will have measurements and questionnaire administration and children will receive routine child care at their health centers. These mothers will receive a non-nutrition based educational message only.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) - second assessment12 months old

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using a Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer

Feeding Questionnaire - fourth assessment6 months old

This questionnaire will describe breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Proportions will be used to compare responses between the intervention and control groups. A scale will not be used.

Child's weight in kilograms - first assessment4 weeks old

Child's weight measured using a digital scale

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using Air Displacement Plethysmography - first assessment4 weeks old

Measurement of child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) using the Air Displacement Plethysmography

Feeding Questionnaire - first assessment2 weeks old

This questionnaire will describe breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Proportions will be used to compare responses between the intervention and control groups. A scale will not be used.

Feeding Questionnaire - third assessment3 months old

This questionnaire will describe breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Proportions will be used to compare responses between the intervention and control groups. A scale will not be used.

Feeding Questionnaire - fifth assessment12 months old

This questionnaire will describe breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Proportions will be used to compare responses between the intervention and control groups. A scale will not be used.

Child's lean mass and fat mass (body composition) determined using skin fold measurements - first assessment6 months old

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using skin fold callipers

Child's mid-upper arm circumference - first assessment6 months

Child's mid-upper arm circumference measured using a tape measure

Child's lean mass and fat mass (body composition) determined using skin fold measurements - second assessment12 months old

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using skin fold callipers

Child's weight in kilograms - second assessment3 months old

Child's weight measured using a digital scale

Child's length in centimeters - first assessment4 weeks old

Child's length measured using a stadiometer

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)12 months old

A whole body DEXA scan will be done as described by the International Atomic Energy Agency. A scan takes about 7 minutes.

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using the Air Displacement Plethysmography - second assessment3 months old

Measurement of child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) using the Air Displacement Plethysmography

Feeding Questionnaire - second assessment4 weeks old

This questionnaire will describe breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Proportions will be used to compare responses between the intervention and control groups. A scale will not be used.

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) - first assessment6 months old

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using a Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer

Child's mid-upper arm circumference - second assessment12 months old

Child's mid-upper arm circumference measured using a tape measure

Child's weight in kilograms - third assessment6 months old

Child's weight measured using a digital scale

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using the Air Displacement Plethysmography - third assessment6 months old

Measurement of child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) using the Air Displacement Plethysmography

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using deuterium dilution method - first assessment6 months old

Measurement of fat mass and lean mass (body composition) using the deuterium dilution method

Child's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using deuterium dilution method - second assessment12 months old

Measurement of fat mass and lean mass (body composition) using the deuterium dilution method

Child's weight in kilograms - fourth assessment12 months old

Child's weight measured using a digital scale

Child's length in centimeters - second assessment3 months old

Child's length measured using a stadiometer

Child's length in centimeters - third assessment6 months old

Child's length measured using a stadiometer

Child's length in centimeters - fourth assessment12 months old

Child's length measured using a stadiometer

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Mother's weight - first assessment30-32 weeks gestation

Mother's weight measured using a digital scale

Mother's height30-32 weeks gestation

Mother's height measured using a stadiometer

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using skin fold measurements - second assessment3 months post natally

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using skin fold calliper

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using skin fold measurements - third assessment12 months post natally

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using skin fold callipers

mother's weight - third assessment12 months post natally

mothers weight measured using a scale

Screen time / sleep time questionnaire - third assessment12 months old

This will describe total duration of sleep time and screen viewing time. Child's feeding pattern during the night will also be assessed (if the child fed or did not feed). Proportions will be used to compare responses between the intervention and control groups. Absolute values will also be compared for some questions. A scale will not be used.

Breastmilk intake in child3 months old

To determine the amount of breastmilk consumed. The mother will consume a carefully weighed dose of deuterium. Saliva samples will be collected from the mother and her infant at baseline and at 2 timepoints between 1 and 14 days following dose consumption. Deuterium enrichment will be measured by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) Spectrometry.

Mother's mid-upper arm circumference - first assessment30-32 weeks gestation

Mother's mid-upper arm circumference measured using a tape measure

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) - second assessment3 months post natally

Fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined measured using BIA analyzer

mother's weight - second assessment3 months post natally

mothers weight measured using a scale

mother's mid-upper arm circumference - second assessment3 months post natally

mother's mid-upper arm circumference measured using a tape measure

mother's mid-upper arm circumference - third assessment12 months post natally

mother's mid-upper arm circumference measured using a tape measure

Screen time / sleep time questionnaire - first assessment3 months old

This will describe total duration of sleep time and screen viewing time. Child's feeding pattern during the night will also be assessed (if the child fed or did not feed). Proportions will be used to compare responses between the intervention and control groups. Absolute values will also be compared for some questions. A scale will not be used.

Mother's fat mss and lean mass (body composition) determined using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) - third assessment12 months post natally

mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using BIA analyzer

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using deuterium (2H) dilution technique - first assessment30-32 weeks gestation

Fat mass and lean mass (body composition)determined using deuterium (2H) dilution technique

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using skin fold measurements - first assessment30-32 weeks gestation

Fat mass and lean mass (body composition) measured using skin fold callipers

Screen time / sleep time questionnaire - second assessment6 months old

This will describe total duration of sleep time and screen viewing time. Child's feeding pattern during the night will also be assessed (if the child fed or did not feed). Proportions will be used to compare responses between the intervention and control groups. Absolute values will also be compared for some questions. A scale will not be used.

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) - first assessment30-32 weeks gestation

Fat mass and lean mass (body composition) measured using BIA analyzer

Mother's fat mass and lean mass (body composition) using deuterium dilution - second assessment3 months post natally

Fat mass and lean mass (body composition) determined using deuterium dilution during breastmilk assessment

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, TMRU University of the West Indies,

🇯🇲

Mona, Jamaica

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