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Impact of Iron Deficiency and Its Correction on Mitochondrial Metabolism of the Cardiomyocyte (MitoCardioFer)

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Iron-deficiency
Valvular Heart Disease
Interventions
Procedure: myocardial biopsy
Procedure: sternal bone marrow biopsy
Biological: blood sample
Registration Number
NCT03541213
Lead Sponsor
University Hospital, Angers
Brief Summary

Iron is involved in essential functions of the body. It allows the transport of oxygen in the blood, via hemoglobin, at the muscular level, via myoglobin, and it is also involved in cellular metabolism in general, in particular for the production of ATP at the mitochondrial level, within the cytochromes and iron-sulfur proteins of the respiratory chain.

Recently, iron deficiency has been identified as an important prognostic factor in heart failure patients. Iron therapy improves symptoms and physical performances of heart failure patients, even in the absence of anemia. As a result, the correction of iron deficiency is now proposed as one of the therapies for heart failure. However, the pathophysiology of the association between cardiac dysfunction and iron deficiency is still poorly understood.

The investigators previously developed a mouse model of iron deficiency without anemia, in which the investigators observed impaired physical performances, a decrease of left ventricular ejection fraction, and a decrease in mitochondrial complex I activity. These abnormalities were normalized after iron injection. These animal data suggest that iron deficiency is responsible for left ventricular dysfunction secondary to mitochondrial I complex abnormalities, and that iron therapy corrects them.

Iron deficiency is very common in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery, affecting 40 to 50% of patients. During this surgery, it is possible to perform a myocardial biopsy without risk to the patient.

The purpose of this study is to verify in patients requiring valvular heart surgery, if iron deficiency is responsible for a decrease in mitochondrial complex I activity and a decrease in cardiac function during the perioperative period, and to verify whether iron treatment improves these abnormalities.

Detailed Description

Iron is involved in essential functions of the body. It allows the transport of oxygen in the blood, via hemoglobin, at the muscular level, via myoglobin, and it is also involved in cellular metabolism in general, in particular for the production of ATP at the mitochondrial level, within the cytochromes and iron-sulfur proteins of the respiratory chain.

Iron deficiency has been shown to be responsible for fatigue and muscle weakness, regardless of the presence of an anemia. Recently, iron deficiency has been identified as an important prognostic factor in heart failure patients, with a prevalence increasing with NYHA class level, and association with mortality. Iron therapy improves the symptoms of heart failure patients and the 6-minute walk test, even in the absence of anemia. The correction of iron deficiency is now proposed as one of the therapies for heart failure. However, the pathophysiology of the association between cardiac dysfunction and iron deficiency is still poorly understood.

The investigators previously developed a mouse model of iron deficiency without anemia, in which the investigators observed impaired physical performances, a decrease of left ventricular ejection fraction, and a decrease in mitochondrial complex I activity. These abnormalities were normalized after iron injection. These animal data suggest that iron deficiency is responsible for left ventricular dysfunction secondary to mitochondrial I complex abnormalities, and that iron therapy corrects them.

Iron deficiency is very common in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery, affecting 40 to 50% of patients. During this surgery, it is possible to perform a myocardial biopsy without risk to the patient. There is therefore an opportunity to further explore the impact of iron deficiency and its treatment on mitochondrial energy metabolism of cardiomyocytes. We hypothesize that the activity of the mitochondrial complex I is decreased in the presence of iron deficiency and that the iron treatment corrects this decrease.

The purpose of this study is to verify in patients requiring valvular heart surgery, if iron deficiency is responsible for a decrease in mitochondrial complex I activity and a decrease in cardiac function during the perioperative period, and to verify whether iron treatment improves these abnormalities.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
55
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • Patients that must be operated for a valvular heart surgery (aortic or mitral) scheduled in the month which follows the anaesthesia consultation (visit of inclusion)
  • The preoperative iron status is known
  • Patient signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Refusal of the patient to participate
  • Refusal of the surgeon or the anaesthetist who are responsible of patient management
  • Patients with a known iron overload (for example : hemochromatosis)
  • Counter-indication in the realization of a sternal bone marrow biopsy or myocardial biopsy (for example : endocarditis)
  • Adult patients under legal guardianship
  • Pregnancy

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Control groupblood samplePatients with no iron deficiency prior to inclusion and who did not receive intravenous iron prior to inclusion. Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Iron deficiency groupsternal bone marrow biopsyPatients with iron deficiency who did not receive intravenous iron prior to inclusion. Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Control groupmyocardial biopsyPatients with no iron deficiency prior to inclusion and who did not receive intravenous iron prior to inclusion. Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Control groupsternal bone marrow biopsyPatients with no iron deficiency prior to inclusion and who did not receive intravenous iron prior to inclusion. Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Iron treated groupblood samplePatients with iron deficiency who received intravenous iron prior to inclusion (greater than or equal to 1 g ferric carboxymaltose). Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Iron treated groupmyocardial biopsyPatients with iron deficiency who received intravenous iron prior to inclusion (greater than or equal to 1 g ferric carboxymaltose). Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Iron deficiency groupmyocardial biopsyPatients with iron deficiency who did not receive intravenous iron prior to inclusion. Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Iron deficiency groupblood samplePatients with iron deficiency who did not receive intravenous iron prior to inclusion. Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Iron treated groupsternal bone marrow biopsyPatients with iron deficiency who received intravenous iron prior to inclusion (greater than or equal to 1 g ferric carboxymaltose). Intervention : myocardial biopsy, sternal bone marrow biopsy and blood sample (as in the other arms)
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Measure of the maximal activity of the mitochondrial complex I using spectrometryAt the time of the myocardial biopsy

Measure of the maximal complex I activity using spectrometry on isolated mitochondria from myocardial biopsy.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Quantification of the number of mitochondria per cardiomyocyte using Western-BlotAt the time of the myocardial biopsy
Quantification and analysis of the complex I assemblage using BN-PAGEAt the time of the myocardial biopsy
Quantification of myoglobin in cardiomyocytes using Western-BlotAt the time of the myocardial biopsy
Measure of the maximal activity of the others mitochondrial complexes using spectrometry (Complexes II, III and IV)At the time of the myocardial biopsy
Cardiac function using echocardiography in pre-, intra- and post-operative periodsAt the time of the myocardial biopsy

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

CHU Angers - DEPARTEMENT D'ANESTHESIE REANIMATION

🇫🇷

Angers, France

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