Study to Compare Lefamulin to Moxifloxacin (With or Without Linezolid) for the Treatment of Adults With Pneumonia

Phase 3

Completed

• Conditions: Community Acquired Pneumonia
• Interventions: Drug: lefamulin; Drug: Moxifloxacin; Drug: Linezolid

• Registration Number: NCT02559310
• Lead Sponsor: Nabriva Therapeutics AG

Brief Summary

This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of lefamulin, a pleuromutilin, for the treatment of adults with moderate to severe community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.

Detailed Description

Lefamulin is a potent, semi-synthetic antibacterial belonging to a novel class known as the pleuromutilins. Both the intravenous (IV) and oral dosage forms of lefamulin are under investigation in this study. Lefamulin's in vitro antibacterial profile includes the most important bacterial pathogens causing respiratory tract infection (RTI). The antibacterial spectrum comprises S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, the atypical respiratory pathogens L. pneumophila, C. pneumoniae, and M. pneumoniae, S. aureus including MRSA and CA-MRSA, ß-haemolytic streptococci including S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae, and Enterococcus faecium including vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Moreover, as demonstrated in cross-resistance studies, lefamulin remains active against clinical isolates resistant to the following antimicrobial(s) (classes): macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, oxazolidinones, tetracyclines, ß lactams, quinolones, trimethoprim-sulfametoxazole, mupirocin, and vancomycin.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2015-09
• Study First Submitted: 2015-09-22
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-09-22
• Study First Posted: 2015-09-24
• Primary Completion: 2017-04
• Study Completion: 2017-05
• Disposition First Submitted: 2018-03-27
• Disposition First Submitted QC: 2018-03-27
• Disposition First Posted: 2018-03-29
• Results First Submitted: 2019-08-28
• Status Verified: 2019-10
• Results First Submitted QC: 2019-10-22
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-10-22
• Results First Posted: 2019-10-23
• Last Update Posted: 2019-10-23

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 551

Inclusion Criteria

1. Be male or female at least 18 years of age.

2. Provide written informed consent and be willing and able to adhere to the study-specified procedures and restrictions.

3. Have an acute illness (7 days duration) with at least 3 of the following symptoms consistent with a lower respiratory tract infection (new or worsening):

   • Dyspnea
   • New or increased cough
   • Purulent sputum production
   • Chest pain due to pneumonia

4. Have at least 2 of the following vital sign abnormalities:

   • Fever (body temperature >38.0°C (100.4°F) measured orally or equivalent temperature from an alternate body site) or hypothermia (body temperature <35.0°C (95.0°F) measured orally or equivalent temperature from an alternate body site)
   • Hypotension (systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg)
   • Tachycardia (heart rate >100 beats/min)
   • Tachypnea (respiratory rate >20 breaths/min)

5. Have at least 1 other clinical sign or laboratory finding of CABP:

   • Hypoxemia (i.e., O2 saturation <90% on room air or while receiving supplemental oxygen at subject's baseline requirement or PaO2 <60 mmHg)
   • Auscultatory and/or percussion findings consistent with pneumonia (e.g., crackles, egophony, dullness)
   • White blood cell (WBC) count >10,000 cells/mm3 or <4500 cells/mm3 or >15% immature neutrophils (bands) regardless of total WBC count

6. Have radiographically-documented pneumonia within 48 hours before enrollment (i.e., infiltrates in a lobar or multilobar distribution or diffuse opacities on chest x-ray or chest computed tomography scan consistent with acute bacterial pneumonia).

7. Have a Pneumonia Outcomes Research Team (PORT) Risk Class ≥III.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Have received more than a single dose of a short-acting oral or IV antibacterial for CABP within 72 hours before randomization
2. Require concomitant systemic antibacterial therapy potentially effective against CABP pathogens
3. Have been hospitalized for 2 or more days within 90 days prior to the onset of symptoms or have resided in a nursing home or long-term healthcare facility within 30 days prior to the onset of symptoms. NOTE: Residence in an independent living facility is permitted.
4. Have confirmed or suspected CABP caused by a pathogen known to be resistant to any of the study drugs (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, any pathogen of the Enterobacteriaceae Family) or attributable to etiologies other than community acquired bacterial pathogens (e.g., ventilator associated pneumonia, hospital acquired bacterial pneumonia, bacterial aspiration pneumonia, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia or other fungal pneumonia, viral or mycobacterial infection of the lung).
5. Have a noninfectious cause of pulmonary infiltrates (e.g., pulmonary embolism, chemical pneumonitis from aspiration, hypersensitivity pneumonia, congestive heart failure, bronchial obstruction, lung cancer, cystic fibrosis).
6. Have confirmed or suspected pleural empyema (does not include sterile parapneumonic effusions).
7. Require mechanical ventilation.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Lefamulin	lefamulin	Intravenous lefamulin with potential step-down to oral lefamulin
Moxifloxacin +/- Linezolid	Linezolid	Intravenous moxifloxacin with potential step-down to oral moxifloxacin +/- linezolid
Moxifloxacin +/- Linezolid	Moxifloxacin	Intravenous moxifloxacin with potential step-down to oral moxifloxacin +/- linezolid

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Early Clinical Response (ECR)	ECR was assessed 96 +/- 24 hours after the first dose of study drug.	ECR was defined as survival with improvement in at least 2 signs and symptoms of CABP (relative to baseline), no worsening of any CABP sign or symptom, and no use of concomitant antibiotics (other than adjunctive linezolid, as allowed by the study protocol) for the treatment of CABP through the ECR assessment.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Investigator's Assessment of Clinical Response (IACR)	IACR was assessed at the Test of Cure visit, 5 - 10 days after the last dose of study drug.	IACR was defined as resolution or improvement of a subject's clinical signs and symptoms such that no additional antibacterial therapy was administered for the treatment of the current episode of CABP.

Trial Locations

Locations (99)

Site 1006; 🇺🇸 Hazard, Kentucky, United States

Site 1008; 🇺🇸 Shreveport, Louisiana, United States

Site 1005; 🇺🇸 Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Site 1001; 🇺🇸 Butte, Montana, United States

Site 1009; 🇺🇸 Akron, Ohio, United States

Site 1002; 🇺🇸 Dayton, Ohio, United States

Site 1004; 🇺🇸 Splendora, Texas, United States

Site 3005; 🇦🇷 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Site 3006; 🇦🇷 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina

Site 3004; 🇦🇷 Cordoba, Argentina

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