Effect of Apples Consumption on Blood Lipid Levels,Vascular Function and Gut Health in Moderate Hypercholesterolemic Subjects
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Changes in blood lipid levels
研究概览
简要总结
There is now considerable scientific evidence that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables could improve human health. Apples are among the most frequently consumed fruits in the world. Epidemiological studies have linked frequent apple consumption with several health benefits including a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. Apples are an important source of polyphenols and fiber and their beneficial effects could be attributed to this content; however, their impact on our health is not clear. Although, there are some studies that have reported cholesterol lowering effects the results are inconsistent. Furthermore, few studies have explored the impact on vascular function and gut microbiota. The objective of the current study is to assess whether a regular apple consumption, reduces total cholesterol levels, improves vascular function and gut microbiota profile in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects compared with a control, sugar matched commercial clear apple juice squash.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 23 Years 至 69 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Mildly hypercholesterolemic: TC>5.2 and <7.9 mmol/L
- •BMI: 20-35
- •Age: 23-69
- •Normal liver and kidney function
排除标准
- •Drug treatment for hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, inflammation and hypercoagulation.
- •Vegetarians.
- •History of alcohol misuse.
- •History of food allergy (e.g. apples, sulphites).
- •Taking antibiotics for the previous 3 months.
- •Taking phytochemical, antioxidant, fish oil supplements, or prebiotic/probiotic preparations unless willing to stop for the study period and after a 4 week wash out period (8 weeks for fish oil).
- •Females who are pregnant, lactating, or if of reproductive age and not using a reliable form of contraception (including abstinence).
- •Medical history of cardiovascular disease including coronary heart disease (angina and heart attack) and stroke (in the past 12 months).
- •Family history of cardiovascular disease (their father or brother was under 55 or their mother or sister was under 65 when they were diagnosed with cardiovascular disease).
- •Diabetes mellitus.
- •Kidney, liver, pancreas or gastrointestinal diseases.
- •Hematologic disorders (i.e. anaemia; men:haemoglobin<13.8g/dl (8.56mmol/L) and women<12.1 g/dl (5.51mmol/L)).
- •Planning a weight reducing regime.
- •Parallel participation in another dietary intervention study.
结局指标
主要结局
Changes in blood lipid levels
时间窗: Baseline and assessment at 8 weeks for each intervention arm including a 4 week wash out period.
次要结局
- Evaluation of endothelial function by using laser doppler iontophoresis (LDI)(Baseline and assessment at 8 weeks for each intervention arm.)
- Changes in vascular stiffness by pulse wave analysis (PWA)(Baseline and assessment at 8 weeks for each intervention arm)
- Changes in faecal bacterial population(Baseline and assessment at 8 weeks for each intervention arm)
- Ambulatory blood pressure(Baseline and assessment at 8 weeks for each intervention arm)
- Changes in inflammatory, endothelial function and oxidative stress markers(Baseline and assessment at 8 weeks for each intervention arm)
- Changes in insulin resistance and gut hormones(Baseline and assessment at 8 weeks for each intervention arm)
- Metabolomic analysis for the determination of the low molecular weight metabolite profiles in the biological fluids (blood, urine and faecal sample).(Baseline and assessment at 8 weeks for each intervention arm)
研究者
Julie Lovegrove
Professor
University of Reading