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Comparison of Non-Surgical Treatment Options for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS)

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome
Interventions
Behavioral: Home Based Gait Retraining
Behavioral: Supervised Gait Retraining
Drug: Botulinum Toxin Injection
Drug: Saline Injection
Registration Number
NCT04409600
Lead Sponsor
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
Brief Summary

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS) in the lower leg is a debilitating condition in highly active individuals. Pain occurs in 1 or several leg compartments upon an exertional activity, typically running, that quickly dissipates once the activity stopped. Surgical fasciotomy is the standard for treating lower leg CECS, but success is variable. Complications may occur post-surgery and there is a potential for a repeat procedure. Recovery times post-surgery also vary greatly. Conservative treatments, such as gait retraining and botulinum toxin injections, are emerging as non-surgical options for the treatment of CECS with success through published case reports and case series. This study aims to evaluate the use of these non-surgical treatment options for CECS in the anterior and lateral leg compartments with a follow up for at least 2 years across multiple study sites.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
46
Inclusion Criteria
  • Active duty service
  • Fluent in speaking and reading English
  • Unable to run 2 miles without producing pain and/or symptoms
  • Difficulty completing the running portion of their service-specific physical training due to pain and/or symptoms in their lower leg
  • Meets clinical diagnostic criteria for CECS of the anterior or lateral compartment per clinical examination (palpation, intramuscular compartment pressure, lower leg MRI).
Exclusion Criteria
  • Prior botulinum injection in the lower leg compartment of the affected limb
  • Prior compartment release of affected lower leg
  • Recent (within the last 6 months) lower limb injury that needed medical intervention
  • Completed formal gait retraining within the last 6 months
  • Allergic to botulinum toxin
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Medical examination that indicates a condition other than CECS

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
FACTORIAL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Home Based Gait Retraining + Botulinum Toxin InjectionHome Based Gait Retraining-
Home Based Gait Retraining + Botulinum Toxin InjectionBotulinum Toxin Injection-
Supervised Gait Retraining + Botulinum Toxin InjectionSupervised Gait Retraining-
Supervised Gait Retraining + Saline InjectionSaline Injection-
Supervised Gait Retraining + Botulinum Toxin InjectionBotulinum Toxin Injection-
Home Based Gait Retraining + Saline InjectionHome Based Gait Retraining-
Home Based Gait Retraining + Saline InjectionSaline Injection-
Supervised Gait Retraining + Saline InjectionSupervised Gait Retraining-
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in gait analysisbaseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-months post injection

Using wearable technology and slow motion capture camera, gait analysis will be collected.

Change in ability to return to full active dutybaseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

Question asked to military service members about their ability to return to full active duty.

Change in ability to run 2 milesbaseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

Question asked to military service members about their ability to run 2 miles.

Change in University of Wisconsin Running Injury and Recovery Index Scorebaseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

9-item questionnaire that assesses an individual's ability to run after a running related injury. Total maximum score is 36 with higher scores indicating no deficiency in their ability to run.

Change in Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation (SANE)baseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

A patient reported outcome measure consisting of 1 question that asks the individual to rate their current level of function compared to their function prior to their injury, on a scale from 0-100. A higher score suggests a higher level of function.

Change in Global Rate of Change Score6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

Using a 15 point scale, the individual selects 1 choice to reflect their current perceived health rating compared to a specified time point.

Change in Balance Error Scoring System Scorebaseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-months post injection

Clinical evaluation tool to assess balance. Individuals are assessed on a firm and flat surface while completing different stances and observed for multiple errors while performing the activity. The higher the number of errors, the greater the deficiency in their balance.

Change in Patient Specific Functional Scale Scoresbaseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

Individuals are asked to self-assess limited activities and measure them on a scale from 0-10 where '0' indicates they are able to perform the activity and '10' indicates that they are unable to perform the activity prior to their condition.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Pain reductionbaseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

Pain reduction will be assessed using a numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). This is an 11 point Likert scale that reflects the individual's pain level.

Ability to perform service specific military physical training requirementsbaseline, 6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

Question that asks the military service member of their ability to perform service specific physical training requirements.

Patient satisfaction of treatment6 weeks, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-months post injection

Questionnaire asking the individual to rate their satisfaction of treatment from 'exceptional' to 'very poor.'

Trial Locations

Locations (4)

Walter Reed National Military Medical Center

🇺🇸

Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Womack Army Medical Center

🇺🇸

Fort Bragg, North Carolina, United States

Fort Belvoir Community Hospital

🇺🇸

Fort Belvoir, Virginia, United States

Carl R. Darnell Army Medical Center

🇺🇸

Killeen, Texas, United States

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