Berry Components and Blood Sugar & Fat Metabolism
- Conditions
- Healthy Volunteers
- Interventions
- Other: Carbohydrate Control JelloOther: Mixed Berry DietOther: Fiber Enriched JelloOther: Low Fiber Mixed Berry Juice
- Registration Number
- NCT03458858
- Lead Sponsor
- USDA Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center
- Brief Summary
The primary objective of this study is to determine which components of berries improve glucose metabolism and increase fat oxidation in humans.
- Detailed Description
The aim of this study is to improve understanding of how diet can regulate glucose metabolism and fuel use. Previous human and animal studies have demonstrated that berries can improve gluco-regulation and increase fat oxidation. The aim of this study is to determine which component of berries is conveying this health benefit.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 36
- Healthy non-smoker
- able to understand consent
- Body Mass Index less than 25 kg/m2
- pregnant, lactating, having given birth in the past year
- allergy to berries
- blood glucose greater than 125 mg/dL
- history of bariatric surgery or nutrient malabsorption disease
- diagnosis or treatment of cancer in past three years
- type 2 diabetes requiring the use of diabetes pills, insulin, or non-insulin shots
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Carbohydrate Control Jello Carbohydrate Control Jello Participants will receive between 400 to 800 grams of strawberry jello daily, as a proportion of their daily caloric intake added to their base diet. The jello will be matched to the mixed berries in both total carbohydrate level and gram quantity. The base diet will be prepared using traditional American foods with a macronutrient composition representative of a typical American diet. Mixed Berry Diet Mixed Berry Diet Participants will receive between 400 to 800 grams of mixed berries daily, as a proportion of their daily caloric intake added to their base diet. The base diet will be prepared using traditional American foods with a macronutrient composition representative of a typical American diet. Fiber Enriched Jello Fiber Enriched Jello Participants will receive between 400 to 800 grams of fiber enriched strawberry jello daily, as a proportion of their daily caloric intake added to their base diet. The jello will be matched to the mixed berries in both total carbohydrate level and fiber content, and in the same gram quantity. The base diet will be prepared using traditional American foods with a macronutrient composition representative of a typical American diet. Low Fiber Mixed Berry Juice Low Fiber Mixed Berry Juice Participants will receive 1 liter per day of low fiber mixed berry juice added to their base diet. The juice will be squeezed from the mixed berries, then filtered. The sugar level of the juice will match that of the mixed berries. The base diet will be prepared using traditional American foods with a macronutrient composition representative of a typical American diet.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Glucose Metabolism Phase 1 Day 8 Subjects will undergo a meal-based glucose tolerance test; blood samples will be analyzed for glucose in mmol/L.
Glucose Metabolism Phase 2 Day 29 Subjects will undergo a meal-based glucose tolerance test; blood samples will be analyzed for glucose in mmol/L.
Glucose Metabolism Phase 3 Day 50 Subjects will undergo a meal-based glucose tolerance test; blood samples will be analyzed for glucose in mmol/L.
Glucose Metabolism Phase 4 Day 71 Subjects will undergo a meal-based glucose tolerance test; blood samples will be analyzed for glucose in mmol/L.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Insulin sensitivity Day 8, 29, 50, 71 Subjects will undergo a meal-based glucose tolerance test; blood samples will be analyzed for insulin in units of microIU/mL.
Fat trafficking Day 8, 29, 50, 71 Subjects will undergo a meal-based glucose tolerance test; blood samples will be analyzed for non-esterified fatty acids in mmol/L.
Peripheral mononuclear blood cells energetics Day 8, 29, 50, 71 Blood cells called peripheral mononuclear blood cells will be isolated and analyzed for mitochondrial function/oxygen consumption in nmol/ml.
Metabolic Fuel Use Day 7-8, 28-29, 49-50, 70-71 Subjects will spend the night in an indirect calorimeter to measure their oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide evolution which will be used to calculate the dietary energy source being oxidized, expressed as respiratory quotient which is a unitless ratio of liters of O2 inhaled to liters of CO2 exhaled.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
USDA-ARS Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center
🇺🇸Beltsville, Maryland, United States