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Prevention of Radial Artery Occlusion After Transradial Access Using Nitroglycerin

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
Injury of Radial Artery
Interventions
Drug: Placebo I
Drug: Placebo II
Registration Number
NCT03158532
Lead Sponsor
Instituto de Cardiologia de Santa Catarina
Brief Summary

The radial approach for a coronary angiography has became popular in several centers because of its simplicity and fewer complications. The radial artery occlusion (RAO) is the main inconvenient and impose a limitation of future use of the radial artery as an access site for catheterization in the future. Several strategies have been used to decrease the incidence of RAO (heparin, patent hemostasis, etc). Nitrates in intra-arterial have been widely studied in prevention of this spasm. Current data show that nitroglycerin intra-arterial at the end of the procedure reduce the incidence of RAO. The hypothesis that use of nitroglycerin at the start of catheterization would have the same effect was not tested.

Detailed Description

Transradial access (TRA) has been increasingly adopted for diagnostic and interventional cardiovascular procedures in many centers worldwide. This is largely driven by the evidence supporting an unequivocal reduction in access site-related complications associated with TRA compared with transfemoral access, as well as reduction in cost and increased patient comfort. The radial artery occlusion (RAO) is the main inconvenient and impose a limitation of future use of the radial artery as an access site for catheterization in the future. RAO is the most commun complication of transradial access, and its incidence continues to reach up to 12%.

Nitrates in intra-arterial have been widely studied in prevention of this spasm. Nitroglycerin binds to the surface of endothelial cells and undergoes two chemical reductions to form nitric oxide (NO). The nitric oxide then moves out of the endothelial cell and into an adjacent smooth muscle cell, where it promotes the formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which then promotes muscle relaxation. Current data show that nitroglycerin intra-arterial at the end of the procedure reduce the incidence of radial artery occlusion.

A big sheath to artery size ratio could reduce the incidence of RAO, so the main objective of this study is to evaluate whether administration of nitroglycerin at the start of a transradial procedure may preserve the patency of the radial artery; as well, confirm if nitroglycerin administration just before sheet removal helps to keep the radial artery patency.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
2040
Inclusion Criteria
  • Indication for cardiac catheterization;
  • Suitable candidates for transradial approach;
  • Use of 5 or 6 French sheath in the procedure;
  • Signed informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Unable to tolerate nitrates or known allergy to nitrates;
  • Use of any nitrate, by any route of administration, up to 1 hour before the procedure;
  • ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction patients during the first 12 hours of sympton onset;
  • Intubated patients (on mechanical ventilation);
  • Complications before or during procedure (cardiac arrest, pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, stroke);
  • Prior inclusion in this trial.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
FACTORIAL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Nitroglycerin I/Placebo IINitroglycerin I500 microgram of Nitroglycerin (in 10 mL saline) was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the start of a transradial procedure (right after sheath placement) and 0,9% Saline 10 mL was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the end of procedure (just before sheath removal).
Placebo I /Nitroglycerin IINitroglycerin II0,9% Saline 10 mL was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the start of a transradial procedure (right after sheath placement) and 500 microgram of Nitroglycerin (in 10 mL saline) was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the end of procedure (just before sheath removal).
Placebo I/Placebo IIPlacebo II0,9% Saline 10 mL was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the start of a transradial procedure (right after sheath placement) and 0,9% Saline 10 mL was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the end of procedure (just before sheath removal).
Placebo I/Placebo IIPlacebo I0,9% Saline 10 mL was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the start of a transradial procedure (right after sheath placement) and 0,9% Saline 10 mL was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the end of procedure (just before sheath removal).
Nitroglycerin I/Placebo IIPlacebo II500 microgram of Nitroglycerin (in 10 mL saline) was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the start of a transradial procedure (right after sheath placement) and 0,9% Saline 10 mL was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the end of procedure (just before sheath removal).
Placebo I /Nitroglycerin IIPlacebo I0,9% Saline 10 mL was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the start of a transradial procedure (right after sheath placement) and 500 microgram of Nitroglycerin (in 10 mL saline) was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the end of procedure (just before sheath removal).
Nitroglycerin I /Nitroglycerin IINitroglycerin II500 microgram of Nitroglycerin (in 10 mL saline) was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the start of a transradial procedure (right after sheath placement) and 500 microgram of Nitroglycerin (in 10 mL saline) was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the end of procedure (just before sheath removal).
Nitroglycerin I /Nitroglycerin IINitroglycerin I500 microgram of Nitroglycerin (in 10 mL saline) was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the start of a transradial procedure (right after sheath placement) and 500 microgram of Nitroglycerin (in 10 mL saline) was given intra-arterially through the sheath at the end of procedure (just before sheath removal).
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Radial Artery Occlusion2 to 24 hours after procedure

Incidence of radial artery occlusion as confirmed by absence of antegrade flow in vascular doppler ultrasound

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Radiation ExposureDuring the procedure

Total radiation used in the procedure

Late Radial Artery Occlusion30 days after procedure

Incidence of radial artery occlusion as confirmed by absence of antegrade flow in vascular doppler ultrasound

Pain Assessmentup to 24 hours after procedure

Pain felt by the patient in the forearm, assessed using numeric pain rating scale ranging from 0 to 10, 0 best (no pain) 10 worst (unbearable pain)

Spasm (Operator Evaluation)During the realization of the procedure

Catheter friction, as experienced by the operator (subjective measure), during the realization of the procedure

Procedure DurationDuration of the procedure

Total duration of the procedure in seconds, from puncture to haemostatic dressing.

Trial Locations

Locations (3)

Hospital Universitário Professor Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago

🇧🇷

Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Instituto de Cardiologia de Santa Catarina

🇧🇷

São Jose, SC, Brazil

Irmandade Santa Casa Misericórdia Marília

🇧🇷

Marília, São Paulo, Brazil

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