From Knowledge to Confidence: The Effect of a Stoma Educational Program on Self-Care Practices and Life Satisfaction of Urostomy Patients

knowledge mean score

时间窗: Evaluation of patients' knowledge immediately post and 3 months later

measured by a questionnaire designed in the form of multiple-choice questions. Each answer receives one degree, with the exception of unknown and missed answers, which receive zero points. The scores obtained for each question were summed up to get the total score for the patients' knowledge.

Self-care mean score

时间窗: Evaluation of patients' knowledge immediately and 3 months later

Standardized, numerical, validated, and evidence-based measures are used to assess the stoma self-care abilities of patients undergoing UD. It comprises seven skills required to change a urostomy pouch system. Each ability was graded on a four-point scale, with values ranging from 0 to 3.

Self-efficacy mean score

时间窗: Evaluation of patient self- efficacy immediately post- operative and 3 months later

It is designed to assess a general sense of perceived self-efficacy, aiming to predict how individuals cope with daily hassles and adapt after experiencing various stressful life events, in addition to the challenges posed by the disease. Patients' responses will be categorized as follows: 1 = not being confident at all, 2 = slightly confident, 3 = fairly confident, 4 = highly confident, and 5 = extremely confident. High scores refer to positive self-efficacy, i.e., the subjective presence of ability. So the total score is 100, whereas less than 50 = low (-ve) self-efficacy and more than 50 = high (+ve) self-efficacy.