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The Safety and Effectiveness of Zidovudine in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Their Infants

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
HIV Infections
Pregnancy
Registration Number
NCT00000960
Lead Sponsor
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Brief Summary

To determine whether the rate of HIV transmission from mother to infant can be reduced by continuous oral zidovudine (AZT) treatment to HIV infected pregnant women, intravenous AZT during childbirth, and oral AZT treatment of the newborn infant from birth to six weeks of age. The study is also designed to evaluate the safety of AZT for both the pregnant woman and the newborn infant.

No method exists to prevent transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her newborn infant. Giving an antiviral agent (such as AZT) to the mother and to the newborn could in theory decrease the risk of infection to the newborn by reducing the exposure of the fetus to maternal virus, or by preventive treatment of the fetus before exposure.

Detailed Description

No method exists to prevent transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her newborn infant. Giving an antiviral agent (such as AZT) to the mother and to the newborn could in theory decrease the risk of infection to the newborn by reducing the exposure of the fetus to maternal virus, or by preventive treatment of the fetus before exposure.

Patients are enrolled during their pregnancy, between 14 and 34 weeks of gestation. They are chosen by random selection to receive AZT or placebo. Treatment continues until labor at which time they begin to receive continuous intravenous study drug. Study drug treatment is discontinued after the umbilical cord is clamped. AZT is then offered all women as per labeled indications for 6 weeks postpartum, while appropriate medical followup is being arranged. Mothers who develop an AIDS defining illness or whose CD4+ cell counts decrease to less than 200 cells/mm3 during pregnancy are offered open-label drug at that time. The mother is followed by her primary obstetrician at an AIDS Clinical Trials Unit (ACTU) or subunit facility. The mother may deliver at the ACTU or a non-ACTU site. Treatment of the infant is started in the newborn nursery and continues on an outpatient basis. Infants receive the same study treatment as the mother for 6 weeks, and are monitored to week 78.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
1496
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (62)

Univ of Alabama at Birmingham Schl of Med / Pediatrics

🇺🇸

Birmingham, Alabama, United States

Univ of Alabama at Birmingham

🇺🇸

Birmingham, Alabama, United States

UCSD Med Ctr / Pediatrics / Clinical Sciences

🇺🇸

La Jolla, California, United States

Los Angeles County - USC Med Ctr

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

UCLA Med Ctr / Pediatric

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

Harbor - UCLA Med Ctr / UCLA School of Medicine

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

San Francisco Gen Hosp

🇺🇸

San Francisco, California, United States

Children's Hosp of Denver

🇺🇸

Denver, Colorado, United States

Univ of Connecticut / Farmington

🇺🇸

Farmington, Connecticut, United States

Univ of Connecticut Health Ctr

🇺🇸

Farmington, Connecticut, United States

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Univ of Alabama at Birmingham Schl of Med / Pediatrics
🇺🇸Birmingham, Alabama, United States

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