Adoptive Cell Therapy Following a Non-myeloablative, Lymphodepleting Induction Regimen in Metastatic Melanoma Patients

Phase 2

Recruiting

• Conditions: Malignant Melanoma Stage IV
• Interventions: Drug: Fludarabine; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Biological: TIL; Drug: IL-2; Drug: Nivolumab; Drug: Ipilimumab; Drug: FMT Protocol

• Registration Number: NCT03166397
• Lead Sponsor: Sheba Medical Center

Brief Summary

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in combination with lymphodepletion and high-dose interleukin 2 (IL-2) has demonstrated reproducible objective response rates of approximately 50 percent in patients with highly advanced, refractory metastatic melanoma.

Recent developments in theTIL ACT procedure facilitate the use of a reduced-intensity, non-myeloablative, lympho-depleting preparative regimen which is expected to be both less toxic and equally efficient compared to previous regimens.

Recently patients recruited post Anti PD-1 therapy had inferior responses in comparison to the pre immune checkpoint inhibitors era. Therefore 2 new arms were added:

1. TIL-ACT with combination of 2 doses of Nivolumab fixed dose 480mg, pre and post TIL.

2. TIL-ACT with FMT given using colonoscopy once and 2 maintenance doses of 12 orally ingested capsules, concurrently with a single dose of Ipilimumab 1 mg/kg up to 100 mg.

Detailed Description

The Sponsor is developing the ex-vivo expanded autologous TIL as the Investigational Product (IP). Yet, the administration of the TIL cellular product can only be accomplished in the context of an autologous, Adoptive Cell Therapy (ACT) procedure which is composed of the following steps:

1. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.

2. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2, which will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.

3. Early-stage follow-up until 30 days post-discharge

4. Late-stage follow-up, such as CT scans, will be carried out four and twelve weeks after TIL administration, and then every 3 months thereafter for the first year after TIL therapy; for the second year and onwards, as clinically indicated.

Recently 2 new arms were, using the same protocol described above with the following additions:

Arm 2 - TIL-ACT + Anti PD-1 -the addition of 2 doses of Nivolumab fixed dose 480mg, pre and post TIL.

Arm 3 - TIL-ACT with FMT + Anti CTLA4 - the addition of FMT given using colonoscopy once and 2 maintenance doses of 12 orally ingested capsules, concurrently with a single dose of Ipilimumab 1 mg/kg up to 100 mg.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2017-05-21
• Study First Submitted QC: 2017-05-23
• Study First Posted: 2017-05-25
• Study Start: 2017-06-05
• Status Verified: 2023-01
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-01-24
• Last Update Posted: 2023-01-26
• Primary Completion: 2025-01-01
• Study Completion: 2026-06-01

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 30

Inclusion Criteria

1. Measurable metastatic Melanoma with at least one lesion that is resectable for TIL generation.

2. Refractory to standard treatment

3. Patients with one or more brain metastases less than 1 cm each, and any patients with 1 or 2 brain metastases greater than 1 cm must have been treated and stable for 6 weeks.

4. Greater than or equal to 18 years of age.

5. Willing to practice birth control from the start of chemotherapy until 120 days after release from the hospital.

6. Clinical performance status of ECOG 0 or 1

7. Hematology:

   Absolute neutrophil count greater than 1000/mm3 without support of filgrastim Normal WBC (greater than 3000/mm3). Hemoglobin greater than 8.0 g/dL Platelet count greater than 100,000/mm3

8. Serology:

   Seronegative for HIV antibody. Seronegative for Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C.

9. Chemistry:

   Serum ALT/AST less than three times the upper limit of normal (ULN). Serum creatinine less than or equal to 1.6 mg/dL Total bilirubin no more than 1.5 times the ULN, except in patients with Gilbert Syndrome who must have a total bilirubin less than 3 mg/dL.

10. Negative pregnancy test in women of child bearing potential because of the potentially dangerous effects of the preparative chemotherapy on the fetus.

11. More than four weeks must have elapsed since any prior systemic therapy at the time the patient receives the preparative regimen, and patients' toxicities must have recovered to a grade 1 or less (except for toxicities such as alopecia or vitiligo). Patients may have undergone minor surgical procedures with the past 3 weeks, as long as all toxicities have recovered to grade 1 or less.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Women of child-bearing potential who are pregnant or breastfeeding because of the potentially dangerous effects of the non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen on the fetus or infant.
2. Systemic steroid therapy required.
3. Active systemic infections, coagulation disorders or other active major medical illnesses of the cardiovascular, respiratory or immune system, as evidenced by a positive stress thallium or comparable test, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, obstructive or restrictive pulmonary disease.
4. Any form of primary immunodeficiency (such as Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease and AIDS).
5. Opportunistic infections (the experimental treatment being evaluated in this protocol depends on an intact immune system. Patients who have decreased immune competence may be less responsive to the experimental treatment and more susceptible to its toxicities.)
6. History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any of the agents used in this study , including history of an anaphylactic reaction to penicillin or gentamicin
7. History of coronary revascularization or ischemic symptoms
8. Any patient known to have an LVEF less than or equal to 50 percent .
9. Documented LVEF of less than or equal to 50 percent tested in patients with clinically significant atrial and/or ventricular arrhythmias including but not limited to: atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, second or third degree heart block
10. Documented FEV1 and DLCO (relative to predicted) less than or equal to 60 percent

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
ACT TIL	IL-2	1. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 2. Preparation and administration of TIL 3. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL + Anti PD-1	IL-2	1. Single dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose 2. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 3. Preparation and administration of TIL 4. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient. 5. Second dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose (at least 4 weeks from the first dose)
ACT TIL FMT + Anti CTLA4	IL-2	1. FMT loading dose given via colonoscopy 2. FMT 12 oral capsules as maintenance - given 2 times 3. Single dose of Ipilimumab 1mg/kg up to 100 mg 4. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 5. Preparation and administration of TIL 6. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL	TIL	1. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 2. Preparation and administration of TIL 3. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL + Anti PD-1	TIL	1. Single dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose 2. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 3. Preparation and administration of TIL 4. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient. 5. Second dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose (at least 4 weeks from the first dose)
ACT TIL FMT + Anti CTLA4	TIL	1. FMT loading dose given via colonoscopy 2. FMT 12 oral capsules as maintenance - given 2 times 3. Single dose of Ipilimumab 1mg/kg up to 100 mg 4. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 5. Preparation and administration of TIL 6. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL FMT + Anti CTLA4	FMT Protocol	1. FMT loading dose given via colonoscopy 2. FMT 12 oral capsules as maintenance - given 2 times 3. Single dose of Ipilimumab 1mg/kg up to 100 mg 4. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 5. Preparation and administration of TIL 6. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL	Cyclophosphamide	1. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 2. Preparation and administration of TIL 3. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL	Fludarabine	1. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 2. Preparation and administration of TIL 3. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL + Anti PD-1	Fludarabine	1. Single dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose 2. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 3. Preparation and administration of TIL 4. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient. 5. Second dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose (at least 4 weeks from the first dose)
ACT TIL + Anti PD-1	Cyclophosphamide	1. Single dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose 2. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 3. Preparation and administration of TIL 4. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient. 5. Second dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose (at least 4 weeks from the first dose)
ACT TIL FMT + Anti CTLA4	Fludarabine	1. FMT loading dose given via colonoscopy 2. FMT 12 oral capsules as maintenance - given 2 times 3. Single dose of Ipilimumab 1mg/kg up to 100 mg 4. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 5. Preparation and administration of TIL 6. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL + Anti PD-1	Nivolumab	1. Single dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose 2. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 3. Preparation and administration of TIL 4. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient. 5. Second dose of Nivolumab 480 mg fixed dose (at least 4 weeks from the first dose)
ACT TIL FMT + Anti CTLA4	Cyclophosphamide	1. FMT loading dose given via colonoscopy 2. FMT 12 oral capsules as maintenance - given 2 times 3. Single dose of Ipilimumab 1mg/kg up to 100 mg 4. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 5. Preparation and administration of TIL 6. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.
ACT TIL FMT + Anti CTLA4	Ipilimumab	1. FMT loading dose given via colonoscopy 2. FMT 12 oral capsules as maintenance - given 2 times 3. Single dose of Ipilimumab 1mg/kg up to 100 mg 4. Reduced Intensity, non-myeloablative, lymphodepleting induction regimen using Cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg/day with Fludarabine (25 mg/m2/d) followed by 3 consecutive days of Fludarabine 25mg/m2/d.. 5. Preparation and administration of TIL 6. Bolus high-dose (720,000 IU/kg) IL-2 will be administered to each patient every 8 hours, to tolerance. A maximum of 10 doses will be administered per patient.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Objective tumor responses	3 years	Radiological follow up via CT to determine the sum of Complete Responders (CR) + Partial Responders (PR) + Stable Disease (SD) as assessed by RECIST 1.1
Assess adverse events using NCI CTCAE v4.03 during treatment and follow-up	3 years	Adverse events will be assessed using NCI CTCAE v4.03 during treatment and follow-up

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Response Rate (RR)	3 years	Radiological follow up via CT to determine the sum of Complete Responders (CR) + Partial Responders (PR) as assessed by RECIST 1.1
Overall Survival (OS)	3 years	Overall survival is defined as the time from study entry until death from any cause
Quality of Life (QoL)	3 years	Assessment of QoL using the EORTC QLQ-MEL38 instrument (specific for Melanoma)
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)	3 years	Progression free survival according to RECIST 1.1

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Sheba Medical Center; 🇮🇱 Ramat Gan, Israel