MedPath

Cognitive Markers in Prodromal MS

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Multiple Sclerosis
Interventions
Device: Active tDCS
Registration Number
NCT05543915
Lead Sponsor
NYU Langone Health
Brief Summary

The focus of this work is the evaluation of a measure of cognitive functioning- intra-individual variability (IIV) - derived from a computer-based continuous reaction time (RT) task (Cogstate) as an early marker of prodromal MS.

Detailed Description

This study is a prospective observational clinical study, where the researchers will recruit adults with early MS (n=60) to complete a cognitive assessment and an optional gait assessment using Runscribe and G-sensor. Thirty-five \[35\] participants will also have a single 60-minute investigational MRI combined with 20 minutes of simultaneous tDCS. The MRI will repeat the protocol from the researchers' current study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03564496, IRB i18-00548) using simultaneous transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) during the imaging acquisition.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
60
Inclusion Criteria
  • Ages 23-59 years old (inclusive)
  • Prodromal MS (defined by radiologically isolated syndrome ≤ 6 months from first MRI or clinically isolated syndrome ≤ 3 months from first clinical event)
Exclusion Criteria
  • Below average estimated premorbid cognitive functioning (based on WRAT-4 reading recognition standard z-score < 85).
  • Presence of severe cognitive impairment (based on SDMT age normative z-score <-3.0).
  • Primary psychiatric disorder that would influence ability to participate.
  • Current uncontrolled seizure disorder.
  • Current substance abuse disorder.
  • History of head trauma in the past year (e.g., head injury, brain surgery) or medical device implanted in the head (such as Deep Brain Stimulator) or in the neck (such as a Vagus Nerve Stimulator).
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding

Additional Exclusion Criteria for tDCS-MRI Participants

  • Extreme claustrophobia
  • Any skin disorder/sensitive skin (e.g., eczema, severe rashes), blisters, open wounds, burn including sunburns, cuts or irritation, or other skin defects which compromise the integrity of the skin at or near stimulation locations (where electrodes are placed)
  • Treatment for a communicable skin disorder currently or over the past 12 months
  • Have any irremovable piercings, metallic based-tattoos, or MRI-contraindicated implants (e.g. pacemakers and defibrillators)

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Group with tDCS-MRIActive tDCSParticipants will have a cognitive assessment, an optional gait assessment, and a 1-hour MRI brain scan combined with 20 minutes of simultaneous tDCS. Participants may also complete the MRI on a separate visit.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2)Day 1 (Visit 1 - approximately 4 minutes)

CMRO2 is the amount of O2 the brain consumes per unit of time (in μmol O2/100g tissue per minute). To quantify absolute CMRO2, both TRUST MRI for quantification of venous oxygenation (Yv) and phase contrast (PC) MRI for quantification of total blows are needed. The total scan time for CMRO2 MRI is approximately 4 minutes.

Intra-Individual Variability (IIV) as measured by Cogstate Brief Battery (CBB)Day 1 (Visit 1)

The core Cogstate Reaction Time (RT) tasks involve a deck of cards on a green background screen and the participant answers "yes" or "no" by hitting a keyboard key ("D" or "K") across repeated trials. Each task first includes instructions and practice period before the test begins and takes approximately 3-4 minutes to complete (for a total of \~7 minutes). The representative timed RT scores are provided by the Detection task (indicating when a card is revealed; DET/simple RT), Identification task ("is the card revealed black or red?"; IDN/choice RT), and One-Back ("Is this the card that you just saw?"). Performance is characterized by near complete accuracy (i.e. all, or almost all, items are answered correctly), and validity checks are built into the scoring. IIV is calculated as intraindividual standardized deviations (ISD) in RTs across both tasks, measured in milliseconds and with log10 transformation.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) ScoreDay 1 (Visit 1)

SDMT is 90-second cognitive task in which the participant is shown a sheet containing rows of symbols. Each symbol corresponds to a specific number. The participant's task is to say out loud the number associated with each symbol. SDMT is used as a general cognitive screen to detect severe cognitive impairment. The final score is the correct number of substitutions in 90 seconds, scores range between 0 and 110. The lower the score, the more severe the cognitive impairment.

BICAMS Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) ScoreDay 1 (Visit 1)

RAVLT is a well-recognized measure of a person's ability to encode, combine, store and recover verbal information in different stages of immediate memory. consists of presenting a list of 15 words across consecutive trials. The list is read aloud to the participant, and then the participant is immediately asked to recall as many words as one remembers. This procedure is repeated for 5 consecutive trials (Trials 1 to 5). The total score is the sum of trials 1-5 and ranges from 0-75. The lower the score, the more severe the cognitive impairment.

BICAMS Brief Visuospatial Memory Test Revised (BVMT-R) ScoreDay 1 (Visit 1)

Visual/spatial memory is assessed in BICAMS using the BVMT-R. In this test, six abstract designs are presented for 10 sec. The display is removed from view and patients render the stimuli via pencil on paper manual responses. Each design receives from 0 to 2 points representing accuracy and location. There are three Learning Trials, and the score is reported as the total number of points earned over the trials. Thus, scores range from 0 to 12 per trial; total score range is 0 to 36 for all three trials. The lower the score, the more severe the cognitive impairment.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

NYU Langone Health

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath