Trial of Imatinib for Hospitalized Adults With COVID-19
- Registration Number
- NCT04394416
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Maryland, Baltimore
- Brief Summary
This study is a randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial on the Safety and Efficacy of Imatinib for Hospitalized Adults with COVID-19
- Detailed Description
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and at present with no approved or proven antiviral treatment.
Imatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been approved for treatment of many hematologic and solid neoplasm. Imatinib is a weak base that compared to the extracellular compartment is enriched over 1000-fold in the lysosome within several hours as a result of its lysosomotropic property. Imatinib as a weak base accumulates in lysosomes resulting in some antiviral activities by lysosomal alkalization required for virus/cell fusion.
Imatinib demonstrates in vitro activity against SARS-CoV viruses. Imatinib inhibit SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV with micromolar EC50s (range, 9.8 to 17.6 μM) with low toxicity. The mechanism of action studies suggested that ABL-1 tyrosine kinase regulates budding or release of poxviruses and Ebola virus, demonstrating that the c-ABL-1 kinase signaling pathways play an important role in the egress of these viruses. It is also reported that kinase signaling may also be important for replication of two members of the Coronaviridae family, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. In vivo studies performed in the mouse model of vaccinia virus infection showed that imatinib was effective in blocking dissemination of the virus.
Imatinib has anti-inflammatory activity including its effectiveness in a "two-hit" murine model of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by combined lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Imatinib significantly decreased bronchoalveolar lavage protein, total cells, neutrophils, and TNFα levels in mice exposed to LPS plus VILI, indicating that it attenuates ALI in this clinically relevant model. In another experiment, imatinib attenuated ALI when given 4 hours after LPS, suggesting potential efficacy when given after the onset of injury. Overall, these results strongly suggest the therapeutic potential of imatinib against inflammatory vascular leak and a potential role of imatinib combination therapy for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) on mechanical ventilation.
The investigators hypothesize that addition of imatinib to the best conventional care (BCC) improves the outcome of hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19. This hypothesis is on the bases of 1) intralysosomal entrapment of imatinib will increase endosomal pH and effectively decrease SARS-CoV-2/cell fusion, 2) kinase inhibitory activity of imatinib will interfere with budding/release or replication of SARS-CoV-2, and 3) because of the critical role of mechanical ventilation in the care of patients with ARDS, imatinib will have a significant clinical impact for patients with severe COVID-19 infection in Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 204
Not provided
Not provided
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Placebo Placebo oral tablet Placebo oral for 14 days Imatinib Imatinib Imatinib oral 400 mg daily for 14 days.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method The proportion of patients with a two-point change using the 8-category ordinal scale Day 14 from baseline The ordinal scale is an evaluation of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 8) Death.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method All-Cause mortality Day 28 and Day 60 post baseline All-cause mortality post baseline
Hospitalization Up to 60 days post baseline Duration of hospitalization
Duration of ICU stay Up to 60 days post baseline For subjects who are in ICU at Day 1
SARS-CoV-2 negative Up to 60 days post baseline Time to SARS-CoV-2 negative by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Duration of ECMO or invasive mechanical ventilation Up to 60 days post baseline For subjects who are on ECMO or mechanical ventilation at Day 1
Time to a 2-point clinical change Up to 60 days post baseline Time to a 2-point clinical change difference
Negative oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swab Up to 28 days post baseline Proportion of patients with negative oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 by quantitative RT PCR on days 5, 10, 14, 21, and 28 after starting treatment
Serious adverse events (SAEs) Up to 60 days post baseline Proportion of subjects with serious adverse events
Discontinuation due to adverse events Up to 60 days post baseline Proportion of subjects who discontinue study drug due to adverse events
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
University of Maryland Medical Center
🇺🇸Baltimore, Maryland, United States