MedPath

Neonatal Platelet Transfusion Threshold Trial

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Thrombocytopenia
Neonatal
Platelet Transfusion
Infant, Newborn, Diseases
Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight
Infant, Small for Gestational Age
Thrombosis
Registration Number
NCT06676904
Lead Sponsor
NICHD Neonatal Research Network
Brief Summary

The objective of the NeoPlaTT trial is to test whether, among extremely preterm infants born at 23 0/7 to 26 6/7 weeks' gestation, a lower platelet transfusion threshold, compared to a higher threshold, improves survival without major or severe bleeding up to 40 0/7 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA).

Detailed Description

Thrombocytopenia, defined as a platelet count \<150 x 10\^9/L, is a common neonatal problem that affects 22% to 35% of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Platelets are important for primary hemostasis to prevent blood extravasation after vascular injury. Based on the role of platelets in hemostasis, prophylactic platelet transfusions are routinely administered to preterm infants with thrombocytopenia to prevent bleeding. The incidence of thrombocytopenia and administration of platelet transfusion are both inversely related to the gestational age at birth. Currently, there is uncertainty regarding the optimal platelet transfusion threshold, particularly among the most immature infants in the first week of life, which represents the period of highest bleeding risk.

The NeoPlaTT trial was designed to address this pressing uncertainty in the highest risk population (\<27 weeks GA). It will test whether a threshold of 20x10\^9/L could be safely used after the first week of life, when the risk of serious bleeding is significantly lower, and reduce the need for platelet transfusion altogether. The results of this study have a potential to change clinical practice and improve outcomes in this vulnerable population, while also decreasing costs and resource utilization.

This is a randomized trial with 1:1 allocation to parallel arms. Infants, inborn or outborn, who are admitted to participating NICUs, and who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, will be invited to enroll into the trial for platelet count monitoring. Only consented and enrolled infants meeting the additional platelet count trigger of \< 50 x 10\^9/L (up to 7 postnatal days) or \<35 x 10\^9/L (8 or more postnatal days) will be randomized. Randomization will be allowed to occur up to 36 6/7 weeks' PMA; subjects will be monitored through 40 0/7 weeks PMA. Approximately 30% of consented and enrolled infants are expected to meet the platelet count threshold for randomization.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
2433
Inclusion Criteria
  • Gestational age of 23 0/7 to 26 6/7 weeks
  • Postnatal age of < 48 hours
Exclusion Criteria
  • Comfort care or withdrawal of care planned
  • Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia or suspected/confirmed congenital platelet or bleeding disorder
  • Receipt of platelet transfusion
  • No receipt of Vitamin K
  • Parents/guardian decline consent

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Survival without major or severe bleedingRandomization to 40 0/7 weeks postmenstrual age, death, discharge, or transfer outside of the Study Center, whichever occurs first (an average of 98 days postnatal age)

Bleeding will be assessed using the neonatal Bleeding Assessment Tool (NeoBAT), a validated bleeding assessment tool (Venkatesh V, 2013)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
DeathRandomization to 120 days' postnatal age, death, discharge, or transfer outside of the Study Center, whichever occurs first (an average of 112 days postnatal age)
Major or severe bleedingRandomization to 40 0/7 weeks postmenstrual age, death, discharge, or transfer outside of the Study Center, whichever occurs first (an average of 98 days postnatal age)

Bleeding will be assessed using the neonatal Bleeding Assessment Tool (NeoBAT), a validated bleeding assessment tool (Venkatesh V, 2013)

Number of platelet transfusionsRandomization to 40 0/7 weeks postmenstrual age, death, discharge, or transfer outside of the Study Center, whichever occurs first (an average of 98 days postnatal age)
At least one platelet transfusionRandomization to 40 0/7 weeks postmenstrual age, death, discharge, or transfer outside of the Study Center, whichever occurs first (an average of 98 days postnatal age)
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia among survivors to 36 weeks postmenstrual ageAt 36 weeks postmenstrual age
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)Randomization to 120 days' postnatal age, death, discharge, or transfer outside of the Study Center, whichever occurs first (an average of 112 days postnatal age)

Stage 3 ROP, or stage 1 or 2 in Zone 1, or plus disease

Periventricular leukomalaciaRandomization to 120 days' postnatal age, death, discharge, or transfer outside of the Study Center, whichever occurs first (an average of 112 days postnatal age)

Trial Locations

Locations (20)

University of Alabama at Birmingham

🇺🇸

Birmingham, Alabama, United States

Stanford University

🇺🇸

Palo Alto, California, United States

Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women & Newborns

🇺🇸

San Diego, California, United States

University of Colorado

🇺🇸

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Emory University

🇺🇸

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Northwestern Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

University of Iowa

🇺🇸

Iowa City, Iowa, United States

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

University of New Mexico

🇺🇸

Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

University of Rochester

🇺🇸

Rochester, New York, United States

Duke University

🇺🇸

Durham, North Carolina, United States

Cincinnati Children's Medical Center

🇺🇸

Cincinnati, Ohio, United States

Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Nationwide Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Columbus, Ohio, United States

University of Pennsylvania

🇺🇸

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Vanderbilt University

🇺🇸

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

🇺🇸

Dallas, Texas, United States

University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Pediatrix Medical Group

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

University of Utah

🇺🇸

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

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