Gender Differences in Periodontal Status of Depressive and Non-Depressive Individuals
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Periodontal Diseases
- Sponsor
- Necmettin Erbakan University
- Enrollment
- 339
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Depression level
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 5 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
There is a relationship between depression and periodontal disease. This relationship may be double-sided. A psychological state such as anxiety, depression, body image, and self-esteem may be affected from the symptoms of periodontal disease.
Detailed Description
Background: Depression is a multifactorial disease characterized by a variety of symptoms. Individuals with psychiatric disorders seem to be more prone to periodontitis. However periodontal disease and depression can be considered bidirectional risk factors. Periodontal diseases can also be an effect on depression. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the gender-related differences in the relationship between periodontal diseases and depression in male and female adults. Material and methods: The study population consisted of 339 subjects. Two groups were formed from these patients: 171 females with periodontal disease (71 subjects with gingivitis, 100 subjects with periodontitis); 168 males with periodontal disease (72 subjects with gingivitis, 96 subjects with periodontitis). Clinical periodontal and psychological measures were performed on females and males group.
Investigators
Fatma Uçan Yarkaç
Principal Investigator
Necmettin Erbakan University
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •the presence of periodontal diseases
Exclusion Criteria
- •the presence of any systemic disease other than depression
- •smoking and alcohol consumption
- •the use of any drugs (antidepressants, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial medicaments, and hormonal supplements) that affect the periodontal condition
- •have received any periodontal treatment in the last six months
- •hormonal condition such as pregnancy or lactation
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Depression level
Time Frame: Baseline
The differences in depression level between females and males. Depression level was determined using the Beck Depression Inventory. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) consists of 21 items. Each of the 21 statements is scored from 0 to 3. The total score allows the classification of depression severity. Scores less than 10 indicates lack of the depression. The scores between10-16 indicate minimum depression, the scores between17-29 indicate moderate depression, scores greater than 30 indicate severe depression.
Secondary Outcomes
- Gingival index(Baseline)
- Probing pocket depth(Baseline)
- Bleeding on probing(Baseline)
- Plaque index(Baseline)