Tranexamic Acid to Prevent Heavy Bleeding After Childbirth in Women At Higher Risk
- Registration Number
- NCT05562609
- Lead Sponsor
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
- Brief Summary
Heavy bleeding after childbirth, known as a postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), causes about 70,000 maternal deaths every year. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a lifesaving treatment for women with PPH. The I'M WOMAN trial is a research study to see whether giving TXA just before childbirth will stop women developing PPH. The trial will assess the effects of intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) tranexamic acid on PPH, side effects and other important maternal health outcomes.
- Detailed Description
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) causes about 70,000 maternal deaths every year. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a lifesaving treatment for women with PPH. The WOMAN trial recruited over 20,000 women with PPH and found that intravenous (IV) TXA given soon after PPH onset, reduces bleeding deaths by about a third. Early TXA also reduces blood loss in surgery and death due to bleeding after traumatic injury. The World Health Organization recommends that all women with PPH should receive TXA as a first line treatment.
TXA is more effective when given soon after the bleeding starts. Every fifteen minute delay reduces the survival benefit by about 10%. This suggests that giving TXA around the time of childbirth might prevent PPH. Although several clinical trials have examined the effectiveness of TXA for the prevention of PPH, the results are inconclusive. Trials of tranexamic acid for PPH prevention give the trial treatment after cord clamping, which may be too late to prevent bad bleeding in some women, as bleeding tends to happen soon after childbirth. Because PPH only affects a small proportion of births, the healthcare community need good evidence on the balance of benefits and harms in this population before using TXA to prevent PPH.
The I'M WOMAN trial will evaluate the effects of TXA for PPH prevention in women with one or more risk factors for PPH having a vaginal or caesarean birth. The trial will also evaluate the effect of the route of TXA administration. TXA is usually given by slow IV injection. However, recent research shows that TXA is well tolerated and rapidly absorbed after IM injection, achieving therapeutic blood levels within minutes of injection. There may be fewer side effects with IM TXA because peak blood concentrations are lower than with the IV route, as well as practical advantages.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- Female
- Target Recruitment
- 30000
- Women aged 18 years or older who are admitted to hospital to give birth vaginally or by caesarean section, who have one or more known risk factors for PPH
- Women who have a clear indication or contraindication for TXA
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Intramuscular TXA Tranexamic acid 1g TXA as 2 x 5 ml IM injections (100mg/ml) and slow IV injection of placebo (1 x 10 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride) Intramuscular TXA Placebo 1g TXA as 2 x 5 ml IM injections (100mg/ml) and slow IV injection of placebo (1 x 10 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride) Intravenous TXA Tranexamic acid 1g TXA by slow IV injection and 2 x 5 ml IM injections of placebo Intravenous TXA Placebo 1g TXA by slow IV injection and 2 x 5 ml IM injections of placebo Placebo Placebo Placebo by 1 x slow 10ml IV injection and 2 x 5 ml IM injections
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Risk of Postpartum haemorrhage within 24 hours of childbirth Clinical assessment: This may be an estimated blood loss of more than 500 mL in vaginal births or more than 1000 ml in caesarean births, or any blood loss sufficient to compromise haemodynamic stability. Haemodynamic instability is based on clinical judgement and assessed using clinical signs (low systolic blood pressure, tachycardia, reduced urine output)
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Mbeya Regional Referral Hospital
🇹🇿Mbeya, Tanzania