Pilates Method on Functional Capacity and Blood Pressure of Elderly Women With Type 2 Diabetes

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Physical Disability; Blood Pressure; Type-2 Diabetes
• Interventions: Other: PILATES Training

• Registration Number: NCT04952948
• Lead Sponsor: Universidade Federal do vale do São Francisco

Brief Summary

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with loss of functional capacity and increased blood pressure. Coupled with this, there is an increased risk of falls and fractures in patients with T2D. On the other hand, conventional training programs for resistance, aerobic or combined exercises are strongly recommended for people with T2D, as they promote a reduction in the glycemic rate and blood pressure, and an improvement in functional capacity. However, little is known about unconventional training programs such as PILATES (dynamic and isometric muscle actions) on functional capacity and cardiovascular adaptations in T2D.

Detailed Description

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic inflammatory disease whose main mechanism of installation is insulin resistance and is associated with loss of functional capacity with consequent fragility and increased blood pressure. Currently, women have the highest prevalence of T2D in Brazil. Previous studies have shown that women are more affected by cases of hospitalization and that they have a higher risk of mortality due to illness. Muscle function and strength in patients with T2D show a reduction compared to healthy and normoglycemic subjects, especially in menopausal women, when estrogen declines with a consequent increase in body fat and decreased muscle quality. Coupled with this, there is a reduction in muscle mass and an increased risk of falls and fractures in patients with T2D. Its association with other factors such as physical inactivity, involuntary weight loss, less muscle strength and slower gait can lead to frailty and limit the performance of basic daily activities. On the other hand, conventional training programs for resistance, aerobic or combined exercises are strongly recommended for people with T2D, as they promote a reduction in the glycemic rate and blood pressure, and an improvement in functional capacity. Unconventional training programs such as PILATES (dynamic and isometric muscle actions) ensure the control of forces that act on the musculoskeletal system, promoting an important improvement in functional capacity and possible cardiovascular adaptations. Additionally, elderly people have pronounced losses of neuromuscular adaptations even in a short period of detraining, compromising gains related to functional capacity and this loss can be even more pronounced in patients with T2D. Therefore, it is also necessary for training professionals to understand the effects of the short detraining period after unconventional exercise programs like PILATES on the functional capacity of elderly women with T2D as well as to understand the effects of the PILATES training on blood pressure or cardiovascular adaptations.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2016-08-23
• Primary Completion: 2016-11-28
• Study Completion: 2016-12-19
• Study First Submitted: 2021-06-11
• Status Verified: 2021-07
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-07-02
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-07-02
• Study First Posted: 2021-07-07
• Last Update Posted: 2021-07-07

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 22

Inclusion Criteria

• Present a diagnosis of type-2 diabetes;
• Do not have severe or decompensated heart disease;
• Do not have coronary artery disease;
• Do not have peripheral neuropathy and ulcers in the extremities;
• Do not have severe skin lesions;
• Do not have proliferative retinopathy;
• Do not have insulin therapy;
• Do not have any health condition that would hinder participation in the exercise sessions.

Exclusion Criteria

• Present some unexpected abnormality in health conditions during the research;
• Do not participate in more than 80% of the training sessions in the PILATES group.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
CONTROL Group	PILATES Training	While the PILATES Group participated in the intervention with physical exercises, the CONTROL group only participated in the functional capacity and blood pressure assessments. However, at the end of the intervention in the PILATES Group, the CONTROL Group was invited to participate in a similar training program.
PILATES Method Training Group	PILATES Training	The PILATES program at moderate intensity lasted 12 weeks, at a frequency of 3 times a week, and with duration of 60 minutes for each exercise session.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in functional capacity in type-2 diabetes	Pos-intervention (12 weeks) versus 4 weeks of detraining (4W_DT) in PILATES Group and CONTROL group	Measurements of functional capacity (time in seconds of execution of the functional tests) in the PILATES and CONTROL groups to be analyzed in the post-intervention and detraining moments.
Change in blood pressure in type-2 diabetes	Pre-intervention (week zero) versus 12 weeks post-intervention in PILATES Group and CONTROL group	Measurements of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) in the PILATES and CONTROL groups to be analyzed in the pre-intervention and post-intervention moments.
Change in lood pressure in type-2 diabetes	Pre-intervention (week zero) versus 8 weeks of intervention in PILATES Group and CONTROL group	Measurements of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) in the PILATES and CONTROL groups to be analyzed in the pre-intervention and post-intervention moments.