Prevalence of Tics in Childern With Acute Deficit Hyper Activity Syndrom

The average age of developing Tourette's Syndrome is 7 years, with a range from three to eight years. Most patients with childhood tics disorder show remarkable symptoms improvement by the age of 19 years. Adult-onset cases of Tourette's Syndrome are usually the most severe forms of presentation...

Motor or phonic tics often begin with the patient experiencing some psycho-sensory phenomena known as the "premonitory urge" which may be localized to an area of the tics or a generalised inner tension. Most individuals with Tics/ Tourette's Syndrome also experience feelings of momentary relief after the tic has occurred. TICS Disorder are typically exacerbated by stressful life-events associated with high levels of emotional excitements and fatigue, and can include normally routine activities such as the start of school, birthdays, arrival of a new sibling, changes in the social or physical environment like moving house or going on holidays. The symptoms of childhood Tics Disorder / Tourette's Syndrome are usually mild and they are almost invariably co-morbid with other mental health and behavioural problems including ADHD, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), learning disabilities (LD) and mood disorders. Tics/ Tourette's Syndrome can significantly impair the patient's self-esteem, peer and or family relationships[3]. Although tics often improve after adolescence, recent studies suggest that comorbid OCD and ADHD often persist.

Other common comorbidities in children with Tics/ Tourette's Syndrome include anxiety disorders, depression, autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), self-injurious behaviours, sleep disorders, rage attacks and personality disorder.

ADHD :

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the commonest neurobehavioural disorder in children and adolescents, with prevalence ranging between 5% and 12% in the developed countries[2]. Up to 80% of ADHD patients have one or more co-morbid conditions which include Tics disorders (TD). There is a complex interplay between Tics Disorder and ADHD in children and young people. TDs are common comorbidities in paediatric ADHD patients with or without treatment with pharmacotherapy. ADHD and other co-morbid disorders like Tics/ Tourette's syndrome (TS), especially if left untreated, can have lasting impairing effects on several aspects of daily functioning. Tics naturally wax and wane in clinical severity and are exacerbated by stress, including consequences of untreated ADHD. There has been conflicting evidence of the role of psychostimulants in either precipitating or exacerbating TDs in ADHD patients. Some evidence also suggests that tics may improve with ADHD treatment Tics naturally wax and wane in clinical severity and are exacerbated by stress, including consequences of untreated ADHD. There has been conflicting evidence of the role of psychostimulants in either precipitating or exacerbating TDs in ADHD patients. Some evidence also suggests that tics may improve with ADHD treatment