Effects of Narratives on Demand for Low and High Ventilated Cigarettes and Substitution for Alternative Products
- Conditions
- Cigarette Smoking
- Interventions
- Behavioral: High-ventilated cigarette aloneBehavioral: Low-ventilated cigarette aloneBehavioral: High- and low-ventilated cigarette with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in priceBehavioral: Low- and high-ventilated cigarette with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in priceBehavioral: Usual, high- and low-ventilated cigarette with usual cigarettes increasing in price.
- Registration Number
- NCT05487625
- Brief Summary
This study will investigate the effects of narratives on demand for low and high ventilated cigarettes and substitution for alternative products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace.
- Detailed Description
An important aim of tobacco control is to reduce demand for the most harmful products. One product feature that could be changed to benefit public health is cigarette filter ventilation. A recent review examined the effects of cigarette filter ventilation and concluded that filter ventilation, by changing how a cigarette burns, yields more mutagens and carcinogens, and results in greater puff volume and possibly depth of inhalation, which has led to increases in peripheral lung adenocarcinomas. This study will use a novel method, the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), to compare the impact of a narrative and a factsheet on the negative consequences of filter ventilation on tobacco product purchases. High-ventilated cigarette smokers will complete multiple scenarios in the ETM.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 92
- Provide informed consent
- Be at least 21 years of age or older
- Provide a breath sample for measuring carbon monoxide (CO ≥ 8 ppm)
- Stable tobacco use patterns for at least three months
- Be willing to sample the study cigarettes (high- and low-ventilated cigarettes)
- Report smoking a high-ventilated cigarette (>= 20% ventilation)
- Report smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day
- Have plans to move out of the area
- Have a serious or unstable physical or mental health condition
- Taking a tobacco cessation medication or medication that interferes with nicotine metabolism, motivation or reinforcement
- Report concrete, immediate plans to alter/quit using their usual nicotine products at the beginning of the study
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Narratives Usual, high- and low-ventilated cigarette with usual cigarettes increasing in price. High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to a narrative about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Narratives Low-ventilated cigarette alone High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to a narrative about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Fact sheet Low- and high-ventilated cigarette with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in price High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to fact sheet about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Narratives High- and low-ventilated cigarette with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in price High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to a narrative about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Fact sheet High- and low-ventilated cigarette with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in price High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to fact sheet about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Fact sheet Usual, high- and low-ventilated cigarette with usual cigarettes increasing in price. High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to fact sheet about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Control Low-ventilated cigarette alone High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be not be exposed to any messages and will complete all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Narratives High-ventilated cigarette alone High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to a narrative about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Fact sheet High-ventilated cigarette alone High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to fact sheet about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Control High-ventilated cigarette alone High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be not be exposed to any messages and will complete all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Narratives Low- and high-ventilated cigarette with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in price High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to a narrative about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Fact sheet Low-ventilated cigarette alone High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be exposed to fact sheet about the negative consequences of smoking ventilated cigarettes and all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Control High- and low-ventilated cigarette with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in price High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be not be exposed to any messages and will complete all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Control Usual, high- and low-ventilated cigarette with usual cigarettes increasing in price. High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be not be exposed to any messages and will complete all of the conditions described in the intervention section. Control Low- and high-ventilated cigarette with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in price High-ventilated cigarette smokers will be not be exposed to any messages and will complete all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Cigarette demand 1 day Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price (cigarette type depending on condition). Other product prices will remain at market price. The degree to which other nicotine/tobacco products substitute for usual, high-and-low ventilated cigarettes prices will be assessed.
To obtain dependent measures of demand, participants' purchasing of the price-manipulated commodity in the ETM task will be fit to a modified exponential equation to quantify the relationship between the price of each commodity and purchasing: Q=Q0\*10k(exp(-αQ0C)-1) where Q is purchasing of the commodity, C is the price, Q0 is the derived initial purchasing without cost constraints (demand intensity), k is the span of the function in logarithmic units, and α is the demand elasticity.Nicotine/tobacco products substitution 1 day Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price (cigarette type depending on condition). Other product prices will remain at market price. The degree to which other nicotine/tobacco products substitute for usual, high-and-low ventilated cigarettes prices will be assessed.
To obtain estimates of substitution of price-constant products in the different ETM conditions, the investigators will use ordinary least squares regression to model the relationship of the price-manipulated product to predict total quantity purchased of the price-constant product.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Addiction recovery Research center
🇺🇸Roanoke, Virginia, United States