The Use of Mindful Compassion and Cannabis Suppositories for Anal Pain Among Men Who Have Sex With Men
- Conditions
- Pain;Sexual Intercourse;M
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Mindful-compassionCombination Product: Cannabis suppositories and mindful-compassion for anal pain
- Registration Number
- NCT06435650
- Lead Sponsor
- London Metropolitan University
- Brief Summary
Research aim: To determine how an online mindful-compassion intervention adjunct with cannabis suppositories might reduce anal pain during sexual intimacy among men who have sex with men. Outcomes are also hoped to increase sexual functioning, well-being and sexual self-efficacy.
Research intention: If the combined mindful compassion and cannabis suppository intervention reduces anal pain and supports sexual and general well-being, then this research would be repeated on a larger scale targeting psychosexual services.
A brief overview of the intervention:
Anal pain is pain experienced in the anus during anal penetration with a penis or other objects. Most research on anal pain during sexual intimacy has centred on men who have sex with men. Mindfulness has been anecdotally discussed in reducing symptoms of anal pain in men who have sex with men. A novel approach to pain management includes medical cannabis, which can be cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol or both. Anal suppositories do not create a euphoric high in the same way as oral use, including inhalation.
Quantitatively, randomisation will be based on whether participants use cannabis suppositories or not. This study does not randomise to cannabis groups owing to the legalities in the United Kingdom. Participants included fifty-two consenting participants. Of these, thirty-three were using cannabis suppositories. The intervention was delivered for one month, and the follow-up was at twelve weeks. Qualitatively, participants were asked approximately eight open-ended feedback questions throughout the study.
- Detailed Description
Research looking at mindfulness-based interventions or the use of medical cannabis to support sexual pain is limited, and often, sexual pain goes unreported, which might lead to compromised psychological well-being. Additionally, sexual problems associated with pain and related emotional suffering are frequently overlooked in patients with sexual pain. This research aims to establish the effectiveness of an online mindful compassion intervention adjunct with cannabis suppositories to help minimise sexual pain and increase well-being. This research decided to deliver mindful compassion online because it would economically target a more comprehensive and diverse group. This preliminary study examined how a mindful compassion intervention combined with cannabis suppositories might help minimise sexual pain whilst improving sexual function, well-being, and sexual self-efficacy.
The main exercises included mindfulness, breathing, relaxation techniques, Mindfulness of the senses and body, and understanding the self. These exercises incorporated the three-model system of emotions, how to attend to the cognitive and physical patterns associated with painful sex, and towards acceptance and self-compassion with fewer symptoms. The mindful-compassion intervention included psychosexual education and anal pain, the three-model system of emotions and sexual pain, practising mindful compassion and graded practice and self-care, efficacy, and the relationship with anatomy.
Homework exercises, including education, training, modelling, and enablement, were encouraged. Feedback and support, along with discussing the educational components, training, modelling, and enablement, were addressed throughout this study.
The development of mindful compassion intervention has been based on a taxonomy of behavioural change techniques. This has been used because the taxonomy of behavioural change techniques has been rigorously tested to evidence the effectiveness in supporting interventions associated with change behaviour. The 93 behaviour change techniques are the active ingredients of behaviour change, and each intervention is likely to consist of more than one behaviour change technique and serve as having more than one function. The intervention in this study included twelve domains, of which twenty-three out of the 93 behaviour change techniques listed in the behavioural change technique taxonomy were identified. The selection of these domains used a triangulation process to ensure consistency in mapping the behaviour change techniques to the intervention.
Randomisation was based on whether participants were already using cannabis suppositories or not. Those who did use cannabis suppositories as part of their sex life would have been doing so for at least a month. There was a total of four groups, including a cannabis suppository-only group, a mindful-compassion-only group, a combined mindful compassion and cannabis suppository group and a care-as-usual group.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- Male
- Target Recruitment
- 52
- Participants were allocated to cannabis only, and cannabis adjunct groups would already be using cannabis suppositories.
- Must have engaged in anal sex within the last month
- Must be based in the United Kingdom
- Must have experienced anal sexual pain
- An absence of co-occurring difficulties
- Must be aged 18 years or older
- Must be able to read and write English.
- Patient health screening score must range between 0-9 mild
- Generalised anxiety disorder screening score must range between 0-9, mild
- Have not attempted anal intercourse in the last month
- Have co-occurring difficulties
- Aged below 18 years old
- Reading and writing English difficulties
- Not experiencing anal pain during sexual intercourse.
- Patient health screening score ranged between moderate to severe - 10-27
- Generalised anxiety screening score ranged between 10- 21.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Mindful-compassion group Mindful-compassion Online mindful-compassion weekly for four weeks Mindful-compassion and Cannabis suppository Cannabis suppositories and mindful-compassion for anal pain Participants were not prescribed cannabis as part of this study. Participants had been for at least one month before participating in the study. Participants used cannabis suppositories each time they engaged in anal intercourse (recipient). The average dose, based on participant reports, was approximately 500mg. Online mindful-compassion weekly for four weeks
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Changes in levels of well-being at weeks 0,4 and 12 0, 4 and 12 weeks This is a 7-item questionnaire with 5 response categories looking at functioning and feeling aspects of well-being. The response categories include 1=none of the time to 5=all of the time. Cronbach alpha- 0.89-0.91. There is no reverse scoring. Scores range from 7 to 35 where the latter is the highest level of wellbeing. The Cronbach alpha in this study = 0.85.
Changes in levels of anal pain taken at weeks 0, 4 and 12 0, 4 and 12 weeks The frequency and severity of pain during anal sex, this is a 5-point Likert-type scale which ranges from never (5) to all the time (1) and no anal pain (5) to severe anal pain (1). The Cronbach alpha in this study= 0.70.
Changes in sexual functioning taken at weeks 0, 4 and 12 0, 4 and 12 weeks This is an 11-item questionnaire which focuses on sexual functioning including sexual desire, arousal and satisfaction and erectile functioning. The response categories include 0= not at all to 5= always or 0= no problem to 5= big problem (this varied pending question). The Cronbach alpha in this study = 0.75.
Changes in levels of sexual self-efficacy at weeks 0, 4 and 12 0, 4 and 12 weeks This is a 10-item questionnaire which focuses on sexual confidence and behaviour. The response categories include: 1 is the lowest level of self-efficacy and 10 is the highest. There are no reverse questions. Cronbach's alpha is α =0.88 (high). This questionnaire has been adapted to reflect the participants in a study looking at sexual self-efficacy and sexual function. Less than 5% of the original questionnaire remains. The Cronbach alpha in this study= 0.83.
Changes in levels of mindful-compassion 0, 4 and 12 This is a 12-item measure with 5 response categories, 1 = almost never to 5 = almost always, with higher scores indicating higher levels of self-compassion. The questionnaire measures self-kindness vs. self-judgement, common humanity vs. isolation, and mindfulness vs. over-identification with painful thoughts and emotions. Reliability Cronbach's alphas range between 0.68 and 0.78. The Cronbach alpha in this study was 0.73.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Samantha Banbury
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom