Correlation between Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), Folic Acid, Vitamin B12, and Homocysteine Levels in Nondiabetic and Type 2 diabetic subjects: Impact of Metformin Treatment.

AIP, or the atherogenic index of plasma, is a new indicator of atherogenicity and cardiometabolic health that is made up of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. AIP has been linked to a higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with high cardiovascular (CV) disease risk and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Globally, diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most prevalent metabolic disease. As a result, the disease is becoming more and more common worldwide. Adults with type-2 diabetes (T2DM) can maintain control of their condition by taking metformin, an oral hypoglycemic medication, as a first-line treatment. The majority of diabetic patients on metformin have been observed to be deficient in vitamin B12 and folic acid (B6). This water-soluble vitamin is mostly found in animal products like meat. There is additional evidence from a number of studies linking vitamin B12 deficiency to reduced vitamin B12 absorption in T2DM patients receiving metformin. Vitamin B12 deficiency may cause serious complications for people with type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to assess the relationship between the effects of metformin and the levels of homocysteine, folic acid, vitamin B12, and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in healthy individuals and those with type 2 diabetes.